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Tropical Fruit

A fruit is defined as a tropical fruit from areas in tropical or subtropical. Tropical fruits have in common not to endure the cold .

Countries exporting tropical fruits are in the Far East , in Latin America in the Caribbean and to a lesser extent in Africa. The four main fruit export volume, are the mango , the pineapple , the papaya and the lawyer.

Tropical fruits are often called "exotic fruits" in countries where they are imported and consumed, although this term does no biological reality and does not mean fruit from a habitat specific.

Summary

Habitat

Distribution of tropical climates (light green) in the world.

By definition, the tropical climate is a type of atmosphere present between the tropics , up to 15 to 25 degrees latitude north and south, but tropical fruits are not confined to these areas. There are regions in latitudes above whose climatic conditions are similar to the tropics. For these reasons, it is recognized that the tropical climate extends to the thirtieth parallel .

What characterizes the tropical fruit is not the geographical area where they grow as the surrounding climate. Many tropical fruits are grown in regions that are not classified as tropical or subtropical but with a warm, constant temperature and a high humidity. These areas are characterized by an average temperature of 27 C, with a difference of only a few degrees between the hottest month and the coldest, with a temperature difference between day and night over the difference between the month the warmest and the coldest and low annual variation in the length of day and night, day not more than thirteen hours . Tropical fruits also require a moist environment.

Market for tropical fruits

Production

98% of tropical fruit producing countries are developing countries while developed countries account for about 80% of these fruit-importing countries . The share of developing countries was 96% in 1988-1990 and is projected to increase to 99% in 2010. Tropical fruits are about 75% of exports of fresh tropical .

In 2004, world production of tropical fruits has been estimated at 67.7 million tonnes, including four fruits, called "major tropical fruits', represent the majority: the mango 24.3 million tonnes, 36% of the production), the pineapple (15.5 million tonnes and 23%), the papaya (8.5 million tons and 12.6%) and lawyer (3.3 million tons and 4.8%) . These four fruit represent 75% of world production of tropical fruit exports and 90% . The rest of the production, described as "minor tropical products" includes the lychee , the durian , the rambutan , the guava and passion fruit for a total of 16 million tonnes .

Tropical fruit production (thousand tons)
1999-2001 2002 2003 2004
MAJOR FRUIT 46 457 50 899 50 425 51 599
Mango 22 254 24 554 23 864 24 337
- India 10 184 11 345 10 800 10 800
- Thailand 1 598 1 750 1 750 1 750
- Mexico 1 548 1 413 1 362 1 655
Pineapple 14 540 15 144 15 053 15 480
- Philippines 1 581 1 636 1 696 1 700
-Thailand 2 200 2 035 1 700 1 700
- China 1 234 1 244 1 348 1 475
Lawyers 2 634 2 998 3 106 3 276
Mexico 909 897 905 1 040
-Indonesia 138 238 256 270
United States 192 181 213 200
Papaya 7 029 8 232 8 401 8 505
-India 1 670 2 590 2 600 2 600
- Brazil 1 444 1 598 1 600 1 600
Mexico 705 689 720 791
FRUIT MINOR 13 370 14 913 15 612 16 102
-Philippines 2 978 3 200 3 300 3 300
-Indonesia 1 353 2 210 2 832 3 200
-India 2 850 2 800 2 900 2 900
Total Production 59 827 65 812 66 037 67 701

Exports

Tropical fruits are a food source in producing countries but their export is an important source of income. 90% of production is consumed locally, 5% exported as fresh fruit and 5% in the form of processed products. In 2003, the value of exported tropical fruit (fresh and processed) amounted to 3.9 billion. In 2004, Latin America and the Caribbean account for 61% of exports of fresh tropical fruits, the Far East 22% and Africa 10%. In the market for processed fruits, the Far East represents 75% of exports (figures for 2003) .

Imports

The main import markets for tropical fruits are the United States, the European Union and Japan and to a lesser extent Canada and some Asian countries (Singapore, South Korea, China, Hong Kong, etc.). 81% (41% for the United States and 32 EU) of major tropical fruits have been exported to developed countries .

Usage

This section is empty, insufficiently detailed or incomplete. Your help is welcome!

Incomplete list of tropical fruits

Cherimoya
Guava

References

  1. New coating formulations for the conservation of tropical fruits , Elizabeth Baldwin, Conservation and fruit processing: new issues and new techniques.
  2. Norbert P. Psuty Paul Sanford Salter, Land-Use Competition was Geomorphic Surface: The Mango in Southern Florida, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 59, No. 2. (Jun. 1969), p. 264
  3. Definition of the adjective "exotic" of the Grand terminological dictionary.
  4. Henry Y. Nakasone and Robert E. Paull, Tropical Fruit, Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International, p.1.
  5. Samson, JA Tropical Fruits. 2d ed. New York: Longman, 1986.
  6. Tropical products , United Nations Food and Agriculture.
  7. Projections to 2010 for Sugar, tropical beverage crops and fruits - Tropical Fruit , United Nations Food and Agriculture.
  8. a , b , c , d and e (en) Current situation and medium term outlook for tropical fruits , the United Nations Food and Agriculture.
  9. Intergovernmental Group on Bananas and Tropical Fruits: Tropical Fruits Network , United Nations Food and Agriculture.

Bibliography

  • Henry Y. Nakasone and Robert E. Paull, Tropical Fruits (Crop Production Science in Horticulture, No 7), Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International, 1998, ISBN 0851992544.

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