Economic activity in Seville can not be detached from the geographical and urban context of the city. The capital of Andalusia is the center of a vast metropolitan area, whose growth reflects the attractiveness of the city and its surroundings, which in turn benefit the attraction of the town, seeing settle many people but also large industrial and commercial areas.

Climate and lifestyle are factors in Seville in the attractiveness of a city with an excellent communications network, and enjoying a privileged location. Seville is well at the head of the Andalusian cities in the economic field .

Infrastructure available to the city contribute to the growth of an economy dominated by service sector, but in which the industry still holds a significant place.

Infrastructure

Seville, in the background the port area

The economic development of the city and its urban area due to the presence of basic infrastructure for the movement of goods and people but also for the evolution of companies and their activities. Their creation has accompanied the growth of the city of Seville.

Besides the transport network serving the best (see above), Seville has the only river port in the Iberian Peninsula, located 80 km from the mouth of the Guadalquivir. This port complex offers access to the Atlantic and the Mediterranean , and allows the exchange of goods between southern Spain (Andalusia, Extremadura ) and Europe , the Middle East and the North Africa. The port has in recent years undergone major restructuring work and expansion. The annual tonnage was 5.3 million tonnes of cargo in 2006.

Seville is also a freight center. This complex, located east of the city, is connected to rail and road networks, which allow access to port and airport areas.

Seville had turned the last fifteen years towards the promotion of business tourism , it has provided for this purpose of a convention center. It hosts various fairs and congresses, and has risen to third in Spain in terms of annual attendance, which amounts to one million visitors.

Finally, determined to reinforce the technological and industrial economic activity in the city, the government undertook the establishment of industrial zones and technology parks. Nearby Dos Hermanas hosts the largest industrial area of Andalusia, while that of Alcal Guadara has the largest industrial area of the community. In Seville have also been developed two technology centers in high quality:

• Parque Cientfico Tecnolgico Sevilla Tecnopolis, which includes about 900 000 m ² companies, research centers and academic departments directed towards the development of new technologies. 9000 people work there. Technopolis is the largest of its kind in Spain in terms of turnover.
• Parque Tecnolgico y Aeronutico Aropole established on 580 000 m ² and facing the aviation industry.

Characteristics by Sector

The City of Seville and its suburbs have, by their location in the heart of the plain of the Guadalquivir, maintained activity agricultural dynamics, industry agribusiness is booming. Nevertheless, the region has long focused on the future by investing heavily in industrial activities, facilitated by the existing infrastructure and, increasingly, towards services and new technologies. Seville concentrated in 2004, 31% of large firms in Andalusia and 128 6 000 largest domestic companies . The town had in 2005 a workforce of 471,947 people, 329,471 (69.81%) to the city center.

• The agricultural sector accounts for little more than 1.3% of the assets of the city. Crops, vegetable, olive and citrus are the main agricultural activity in this area of Andalusia.

• The secondary sector contributes 28% GDP of the city. It employed in 2005, 15.2% of the assets of the town of Seville. It is well established in the urban area, stimulated by the many industrial areas, the presence of adequate logistics infrastructure and proximity to complex arrays of Cadiz and Algeciras and Huelva. The main activities are:
  • the heavy industry :
    • Energy: companies Endesa and its subsidiary Sevillana de Electricidad, specialized in the generation and transmission, but also renewable energy and telecommunications; Repsol ( oil ) Natural Gas (distribution of gas ) ...
    • Chemistry : 300 companies (including Brenntag) are present in the sector, generating around 3,000 jobs in Metro
    • metallurgical design of finished products per one thousand companies employing around 7000 people
  • sector construction : this very dynamic sector in Spain employs 7.8% of the workforce in Seville, and represents 11% of local GDP. 5000 entrepreneurs in the sector.
  • Industry Food : benefiting the agricultural production of the Guadalquivir valley, the city of Seville has an extremely active and agri-food sector performance at national level. The approximately 1 000 enterprises in the sector are mainly specialized in processing and distribution:
    • soft drinks and beer : plants Coca-Cola and PepsiCo , brand Cruzcampo brewery and its parent company, Heineken
    • olive oil , produced in quantity in this region Olive
    • tobacco : plant Altadis
    • ...
  • Transport-related industry: Seville stands in this area
    • aerospace industry: factories EADS - CASA where some models are assembled from European manufacturer ( Tiger Eurocopter , Airbus A400M , ...). Some elements of the Airbus A380 are also prepared in these places. Many subcontractors and innovative companies that specialize in this area revolve around the giant EADS.
    • construction car Sevilla is the main center of automobile production in southern Spain, thanks to the presence of the factory Renault San Jernimo.
    • Shipbuilding : Shipyards of Seville (in-depth restructuring, and threatened with closure since 2004)

• The service sector employs 83.5% of the working population of Seville. He currently represents a significant share of local GDP and revolves around the following major branches:
  • Tourism : This is a crucial sector in the economy of the city, which received in 2006, 2,677,017 tourists . The advantages of Seville are its historical and cultural city size, the presence of an amusement park (Isla Mgica), its spring festivals (Semana Santa, Feria de Abril) and its tourism business.
  • Trade : Seville is the first city in Spain in terms of retail space per capita. 25 000 businesses of all sizes are listed in the city. The city has a considerable attraction on the surrounding regions, and its potential customer base is estimated at two million consumers. In traditional shops, still located throughout the city, plus a variety of malls, which are found in many signs that best represent the mass distribution. The city also hosts a number of logistics platforms of the mass distribution which are processed goods to stores in Andalusia, of Extremadura , the Canary Islands and southern Portugal.
  • Commercial Service: With government support, the city has developed this business, which accounted, in 2003, 12% of local GDP. More than 1 000 local companies are specialized in human resources , legal assistance, counseling, information systems and other services.
  • Financial services : they account for 6% of GDP (2003) and Seville are the main financial center of southern countries, with over 1000 branches. All national institutions have established at least one agency, and many international banks have settled.

Research and Development

Through its science parks and innovative business fabric, the Andalusian capital has become one of the earliest Spanish cities in terms of research and development. There is also the scientific and technological activities of the three universities in the city, some laboratories and research centers work in close association with the socio-economic development. Thus, Parque Cientfico Tecnolgico Sevilla Tecnopolis includes private and public actors in various fields of research.

The main research and innovation revolve around telecommunications , new technologies, biotechnologies (in conjunction with the specific local farm), the environment or even renewable energy.

Higher Education

Two universities are located in public Seville. These two facilities represent approximately 80 000 students spread across different campuses which have impaired .

The University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla) - commonly called the Hispalense, is the oldest university in the city. It was founded in 1505 by a bull of Pope Julius II. It has about 70,000 students in its many faculties, schools and institutes, covering most disciplines, ranging from letters to the health sciences through technology or the arts. The University headquarters are located in the former Royal Tobacco Factory , a huge building of XVIII ^century , which also houses the faculties of letters and humanities. The other structures are established in the various hotel facilities at the four corners of the city .

The University Pablo de Olavide is a small public university founded in 1997. Built away from the center, it hosts about 8600 students, particularly in the areas of legal sciences, economic and social, humanities and sciences. It also maintains close ties with Latin America .

Furthermore, the Andalusian government founded in 1994 the Universidad Internacional de Andaluca, which has four sites in the territory of the community, including one in Seville. This property offers training in missing lessons offered by universities in the region .

Fundacin San Pablo Andaluca, attached to the Asociacin Catlica Nacional de Propagandist, based in Madrid, founded in 2002 two centers of higher education. It has a campus in Bormujos in the town of Seville, to Cordoba and Jerez de la Frontera .

Finally, the Foundation Universidad Fernando III, sponsored by the Foundation San Pablo Andaluca and the Jesuits , has plans to create the first private university in Andalusia, the University Fernando III. The project was approved in March 2007 by the Parliament of Andalusia , and will be by the Spanish Ministry of Education. Officials plan to set up the first teaching in September 2008. The university, though its opening is allowed, will have space on campus Bormujos and Cordova .

Planning

Seville: Spanish Steps

Seville is a city of the plains, with an average altitude is 7 feet above sea level it has not experienced the difficulties urban development that characterize cities in more rugged terrain. The horizontality of the city is enhanced by the low overall rise buildings, especially in the center. Despite the presence of towers in residential neighborhoods modern, tall buildings, such skyscrapers are virtually absent, an implicit rule prohibiting planning to exceed the height of the Giralda (98 m). This rule hearing is threatened by construction projects in the district of Bellavista and especially by the construction of the Tower Cajasol , skyscraper of 178 m, which will be launched by 2010 in the district of La Cartuja ^, .

The planning of this city, dating back over two thousand years retains traces of the different peoples who occupied it. Its extension on both banks of the Guadalquivir has been gradual, with a clear acceleration from the ^twentieth century. Parks, wide avenues, large squares surrounding a huge historic area, which maintains a local habitat with a strong personality. Six bridges are being built in Seville in 130 years, between 1852 and 1980, and six also between 1988 and 1992 in just 5 years.

ef = "Santa_Cruz_ (S% C3% A9ville)" title = "Santa Cruz (Sevilla)"> Santa Cruz area to the medieval frame

La Campana

La Torre del Oro and the banks of the Guadalquivir

Alamillo Bridge

The historic center is the heart of the city, it is he who has the most advanced, and has been most marked by the passage of time. It is characterized by an urban legacy of the era medieval. Most central districts have retained the steep streets and alleys, and reduced width to preserve the sun. Traditional housing is very tight and the imposing presence of monuments of all types and eras profoundly influence the morphology of the city, which was built around them.

The piercing of avenues and the development of large spaces in ^nineteenth and ^twentieth centuries the historic center and restructured to better irrigate and facilitate traffic. These sites are a modern city of Seville, and extend the area of the city, long used in the perimeter of the ancient wall. Despite these campaigns of modernization, traffic remains difficult because of the general configuration of the center, narrow streets. Another key feature of urban Seville is the existence of many parks and gardens, and the presence of orange on the bulk of public roads. Seville is therefore still a beautiful mosaic urban historical heritage of the surrounding network of narrow streets, interspersed with open squares and wider lanes which attract traffic.

This is from the nineteenth ^century , and especially the ^twentieth century , the town really began to overflow the boundaries of the wall. Then move gradually to more districts and more distant. This development is marked by the construction sector of the Park of Maria Luisa on the occasion of the Ibero-American Exhibition of 1929 : gardens, ponds, big squares, theaters, pavilions, and new neighborhoods (El Porvenir San Bernardo ,...) therefore take place south of the historic center. Building from the XIX ^century of bridges on the Guadalquivir River is also a formidable factor in urban development: it opens the center on the right bank of the river ( Triana ), which has expanded considerably since .

Around the Guadalquivir

The Guadalquivir , beside which Seville was born, plays a key role in the growth of the city. The river, with its access to the Atlantic Ocean and the Strait of Gibraltar , the Mediterranean Sea , has long been the main trade route from the city. In addition, Seville, by his bridge of boats for several centuries is the only point of southern Andalusia , where the river crossing is possible.

The population growth and the need to develop communications with western countries (notably with Huelva and its province) and with Portugal motivate 1852 the construction of bridges over the Guadalquivir.

The morphology of the river changed several times during the ^twentieth century , first by digging a canal creating a shortcut south of the city, then complete the diversion of the river a few hundred meters west of the city, necessitated by the serious flooding affecting the city regularly , turning the river into a home dock connected to the new river from the south. These amendments have prompted the creation of course many new bridges.

For the 1992 World Exposition , including to improve the image of the city, the dock is partially reopened its docks and become a promenade privileged Sevilla. On this occasion, six new bridges are emerging, including the architectural style sometimes avant-garde helps to give a modern image to the city.

Neighborhoods

The notion of neighborhood is not easy to grasp and define. Often formed around the ancient parish in the historic center, these levels change over time and the transformation of the city. The feeling of belonging of the inhabitants also affects the definition of neighborhoods in the city.

If urban development in recent decades, from the creation of new housing, set the limits of new neighborhoods, the historic structure is more difficult to define. It differs from large groups or areas (Macarena, Santa Cruz ,...), themselves divided into sub-units, without this being quite a well established legal standpoint. Thus, we find the Macarena, the Santa Marina and San Julin, or the district of Santa Ana in Triana , around churches eponyms. However, we can try to establish a non-exhaustive list of key areas of the city.

Habitat

A street with posh buildings in downtown Seville

Traditional housing center

There are a Seville traditional habitat , similar in many respects to that of the rest of Andalusia . It was the rule before the great wave of urbanization in the 1960s and later. We still find these typical constructions, sometimes modest, sometimes luxurious in the historic center of the city and surrounding areas.

The remains popular in Seville, which is found mainly in areas such as the Macarena and San Vicente is characterized by its low elevation. Organized around a small patio , it rarely includes more than one or two floors. The rooms are small and dark. It is topped by a roof with terrace , called nitrogen, hardly inclined to the plane, due to low rainfall locally. Another accommodation option in the field of popular housing is embodied by corrales de vecinos. It is apartment buildings, arranged around a large patio, which opened several apartments. Very popular among the poorest social classes in past centuries, the corrals are disappearing these days, although he still several tens through different parts of the city

Alongside this popular housing have increased opulent buildings, higher and more ostentatious architecture, base moldings , balconies consoles or cantilever ( bay windows ), ... These houses are often very colorful and located in the wealthiest areas of Seville, arranged in the center (area of the Plaza Nueva and the Avenue of the LinuxTag, Plaza de San Bernardo ,...) the ^nineteenth and twentieth ^centuries.

As in all of Andalusia, there are common features of these buildings, whatever their level of wealth. The patio , a fundamental element is present in all houses. Its size and design are variable and usually determined by the size of the building. Expected to provide shade and cool in summer, it is a living and encounters. The patios are always decorated with plants and flowers, and most comfortable of them can be embellished with a fountain. The lime is another essential element of the house in Seville. Whether humble or opulent, made of brick or stone, the house is regularly limed in order to ensure a bright white to facades. We note, however, that Seville, unlike what happens in the rest of Andalusia, the facades are rarely one color. Habitat Seville is distinguished by its tendency to brighten up the buildings, including the frames - very often Highlights - windows and doors, and on the lower walls. The colors usually chosen - blood red bull and tan - are more vivid and offer a sharp contrast with the white, thereby highlighting the various elements of the facade. The windows are often small, in order to minimize the penetration of heat into the rooms. They are decorated with railings wrought iron. Finally, we can not omit the tiles , tiles of earthenware assembled into panels, placed at the base of the walls. They reproduce geometric patterns, plants or historiated more or less refined. Brightly painted, they occupy a prominent place in homes Seville.

With the acceleration of housing construction in recent decades in the new districts, the traditional home of the city tends to disappear in favor of functional buildings of large capacity. Often, however, the facades are painted white, to preserve a certain urban area. In the center, new construction generally fit the existing frame.

Parks and gardens

The gardens of the Alczar of Seville

The local urban history is marked by a taste for gardens , which manifests itself in the form of patios, squares and other parks. This concern for green space has remained until today: there are many areas of boardwalk in the city and its surroundings. In the right way to Andalusian tradition, these places combine harmoniously the green plant material and the water element, which makes places of rest and coolness in summer sought.

The most famous parks in Seville is probably the Maria Luisa park. The field on which it runs once belonged to the gardens of the Palais de San Telmo. It was donated to the city in 1893 by the Princess Louise Fernande de Bourbon , Duchesse de Montpensier , then gradually transformed into a vast wooded park, dotted with fountains, ponds, pavilions, and alternating plantations in English with islands of Moorish inspiration. Planted a huge variety of species, it is populated by several species of birds, fish and amphibians. It was completely renovated on the occasion of the Ibero-American Exposition of 1929. It then implanted part of the national pavilions around streets and squares, the most iconic are the Plaza de Espaa and the Plaza de America.

The gardens of the Alcazar are also a large green areas of Seville. Constructed at the rear of all Palatine, they were planted and managed for centuries. Housed within the walls of the palace, they are arranged in terraces, and present variations of influences, styles, vegetation, depending on the sector . On the other side of the enclosure of the palaces, which they owned until 1911 , the gardens were built by Bartolome Esteban Murillo and Gardens of Catalina de Ribera. Richly wooded and flowered, they were decorated with architectural elements, including a monument to Christopher Columbus .

The major parks and public gardens of Seville
Name	Surface	Name	Surface
District Center		Parque de Miraflores	940 000 m
Jardines del Alczar	70 000 m	Parque de San Jernimo	148 677 m
Jardines de Catalina de Ribera	18 250 m	District-San Pablo Nervin
Jardines Chapina	Unknown	Jardines de la Buhaira	35 000 m
Jardines de Cristina	8100 m	Jardines de Federico Garca Lorca	9240 m
Jardines de Murillo	8500 m	In District
Jardines del Paseo Coln	45 935 m	Jardines de las Delicias	54 250 m
Jardines del Valle	10 554 m	Jardines del Prado de San Sebastin	58 384 m
Este district		Parque Jos Celestino Mutis	45 000 m
Parque Amate	316 800 m	Parque de Mara Luisa	340 000 m
Infanta Elena Park	35 000 m	Triana district-Los Remedios
Macarena district		Jardines del Guadalquivir	23 374 m
Jardines de San Diego	27 412 m	Parque de los Prncipes	108 000 m
Parque del Alamillo	480 000 m

Monuments and outstanding sites

Seville has an architectural heritage of considerable magnitude. It is this one of the richest cities in Europe. Its churches, palaces and various buildings in a city of art are first rate, and a destination for tourists.

Religious heritage

Seville is a city eminently imbued with religion, as evidenced by the huge number of places of worship. Among the most famous:

La Giralda

• the cathedral and the Giralda , classified World Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO ;

Heritage Civil

The city's wealth has allowed men of power and secular and ecclesiastical institutions to build lavish homes. Among the most spectacular civic buildings of the city stand several palaces:

Mudejar facade of the palace of the Alczar

Facade of the Archbishop's Palace

• the Reales Alcazares , declared World Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO ;
• the Casa de Pilatos
• the Archbishop's Palace ;
• the Palacio de San Telmo ;
• Palacio de las Dueas;
• Palacio de la Condesa de Lebrija

Other civic buildings are worthy of mention:

• mayor of Seville;
• the Archivo General de Indias , declared a World Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO ;
• the Plaza de Toros de la Real Maestranza de Sevilla Caballera (arena);
• the Royal Tobacco Factory ;
• the Hospital de las Cinco Llagas (seat of the Parliament of Andalusia )

Military Heritage

Wall of the Macarena

Sevilla retains some vestiges of its fortifications:

• the Wall of the Macarena;
• the Torre del Oro
• Torre de la Plata

Arts and Culture

Museums

Seville and fine arts

The opulence of past Seville bequeathed to it an artistic heritage of exceptional magnitude. Convents, churches, fraternities, monarchs and nobles spent a fortune on buildings and works of art. The artistic madness that gripped Seville between the ^sixteenth and the eighteenth ^century has promoted the development of a school recognized Seville, whose origin dates back to the late Middle Ages. Patrons have attracted the great masters of Gothic and Baroque painting, sculpture and decorative arts: Zurbarn , Valds Leal , Velzquez , Murillo , Herrera el Viejo , el Mozo Herrera , Pedro Millan, Juan Martnez Montas, Juan de Mesa , etc. .. The close ties between Spain and the worlds Flemish and Germanic stimulated cultural exchanges and the arrival of the masters of northern Europe. Works by these artists can still be admired today in places of worship and palaces, but also in museums in the city.

Facade of the Museo de Bellas Artes

Museums

There is no in Seville large museum of art of international stature, in contrast to Madrid , where are concentrated impressive collections of the Spanish Crown and state. Museums in the Andalusian capital, although this can undermine their importance, are oriented toward the enhancement of local and regional heritage: the artistic, cultural or ethnological. Among these museums, mostly managed by the autonomous government, three are devoted to art and archeology, and are elevated to ranking of the largest national galleries of their categories.

The most important museums of the city is undoubtedly the Museum of Fine Arts in Seville , which are particularly represented in painting and sculpture. Housed in a magnificent ^{eighteenth-century} monastery, it houses one of the largest collections of painting in Spain . Its collections, which cover the history of art from the Middle Ages to the ^twentieth century, showcasing the products of the local school of painting, the most prestigious achievements belong to the period baroque. The paintings of Francisco de Zurbaran and Bartolome Esteban Murillo constitute the masterworks alongside works by other Spanish masters ( Velzquez, Diego , Jos de Ribera , El Greco , ...) and European ( Lucas Cranach , Joos van Cleve , ...) and contemporary Eugenio Hermoso , Vzquez Daz , Zuloaga , ... .

In the register of art museums are also the Archaeological Museum and the Andalusian Centre of Contemporary Art, two museums at the national forefront in their fields of expertise. The first, founded in 1867 , has been installed since 1946 in a flag of the Ibero-American Exposition of 1929 , the Plaza de America in the heart of the Park of Maria Luisa. Y is preserved one of the largest collections archaeological Spain, consisting of over 60,000 pieces from excavations Andalusian, confiscation of church property led to the ^nineteenth century (the desamortizaciones) and various public and private collections. The collections consist mainly of artifacts prehistoric , protohistoric , Tartessian , Roman , but also Visigoth and Muslim : sculptures , mosaics , ceramics , pieces of silverware , everyday objects, votive offerings and funeral ... Two treasures of civilization are especially Tartessian enclosed: the treasure of Carambolo Ebora and that of . The Andalusian Centre of Contemporary Art (CAAC), meanwhile, was established in 1990 by the regional government. Established since 1997 in the former monastery of La Cartuja , next to the site of Expo 92 , he devoted himself to research, promotion, distribution and conservation in the field of contemporary art. In addition to a significant permanent collection, the CAAC holds regular temporary exhibitions .

Finally, there are a set of Seville smaller museums, whose aim is to highlight certain aspects of culture and local history. Thus, the ethnology and folk culture Andalusian enjoy a showcase in the Museum of Arts and Popular Culture, housed in the Mudejar Pavilion, opposite the Archaeological Museum. Dedicated to the preservation and exhibition of folk memory region, it offers visitors a wide range of items representative of society, lifestyle and daily Andalusian: clothing, furniture, farm implements, old photographs and engravings ... . Two essential aspects of the cultural heritage of Seville are being promoted museum: the bullfighting , which is dedicated to the Bullfighting Museum located at the Maestranza bullring, and flamenco , pride of place in a museum dedicated to him. The Naval Museum, which occupies the Tower of Gold , meanwhile trafficking of navigation , one of the core activities of the history of Seville. Other museums and showrooms complement the local cultural scene, like the Coach Museum and Military Museum.

Theatres, opera houses and concert halls

Theater and classical music

Seville, once frequented by playwrights of the importance of Tirso de Molina , Cervantes and Lope de Vega , has long been a city theater. She has also turned more recently to the opera.

Owned by the city, the Teatro Lope de Vega , named after the famous playwright of the Golden Age , took the Seville Pavilion, designed on the occasion of the Ibero-American Exhibition of 1929 to house a theater and a casino. The theatrical works of classical Spanish and European consist mainly of representations, but the hall also hosts screenings of films in the festival of European cinema and music concerts and performances of dance . The Maestranza Theatre was created to share the occasion of Expo 92 was inaugurated by Queen Sofia in 1991. He is now in the forefront of Spanish opera. Programming, 180 annual performances, alternates performances of opera, theater, dance and classical music .

Contemporary art

The contemporary design is not absent from this city firmly rooted in tradition. This is evidenced by the Teatro Central, which produce various authors and theater companies, dance, music and contemporary repertoire is present, in collaboration with local cultural institutions (Center Theatre Andalusian Flamenco Ballet of Andalusia, .. ) and other theaters. These characteristics make it one of the main experimental scenes in Spain, and a tool for the dissemination and promotion of contemporary creation in the field of performing arts . Alongside the Central Theatre there are several smaller rooms, which give performances of all types.

It should be noted further that the presence of a large youth population and student led to the emergence of long concert halls of contemporary music ( rock , hip hop , electronic music , ...), or more official alternative trend probably caused or exacerbated by the phenomenon of the movida. Sevilla remains less dynamic than its neighbor Grenada, which offers a more robust . Finally, Seville is the birthplace of many musical performers in various styles: La Mala Rodriguez and Dogma Crew (hip hop), and Smash Triana ( progressive rock ), Narco ( rap and metal ), Parachokes (rock), Reincidentes ( punk rock ) .

Festivals

• Biennial Flamenco ;
• Festival del cine europeo 100% (November) ;
• Festival Iberoamericano Sevilla entre culturas (January);
• Festival internacional de msica antigua (March);
• South Pop Festival - Festival de msica independiente Ciudad de Sevilla (March);
• Zemos98_9 audiovisual festival (March);
• Festival internacional de teatro (March);
• Territorios Sevilla - Festival internacional de msica de los pueblos (May-June);
• Flamenco festivals;
• summer concerts outdoors.

Local festivals

Seville is a city of festivals, sacred and profane. Marked by an intense religiosity, she celebrated throughout the year various local patron saints. The most famous and most important Christian festival is the famous Holy Week , which together with the equally famous Feria de Abril , the cycle of Fiestas Primaveral, the Spring Festival, the most popular and crowded. At this time of year that the festivities are in full swing .

The Da del Corpus is another highlight of the liturgical life. The Corpus Christi is celebrated since the Middle Ages with great fervor. After the Mass celebrated in the cathedral, a long procession takes possession of the streets, covered with thyme and rosemary to the sound of bells from the Giralda and orchestras. All civil authorities, military and religious of the Andalusian capital take part: archdiocese, Town Hall, university police, military, fraternities, the cathedral chapter. A bullfight is held on the occasion.

La Virgen de los Reyes is celebrated on August 15. This festival is held in honor of the Virgin of the Kings, the patron saint of Seville and his archdiocese since 1946. His statue, which was commissioned by Ferdinand III after a dream, stands in the middle of the Chapel Royal. This same statue would have accompanied the saint during his triumphal entry in Seville. Still, as the holy effigy is taken in procession on the morning of August 15, accompanied by religious authorities and the municipal council .

La Inmaculada Concepcin ( Immaculate Conception ) is celebrated throughout Spain, December 8, in honor of the Virgin. In Seville, this tradition is celebrated with particular fervor. Besides the masses, the most popular event takes place on the Plaza del Triunfo which include the tunas of the city to begin singing in honor of Mary of Nazareth . It is also worth noting the existence of Los Seises, a group of ten children (initially six, hence the name) aged between 9 and 12, whose existence dates back to the mid-fifteenth ^century. They form a small group of dancing and singing very much appreciated, assigned to accompany the procession of Corpus Christi and the Immaculate.

Popular festivals

La Feria de Abril

La Feria de Abril is the great popular festival in Seville, organized since 1847. Tens of thousands of natives and visitors move on the Real de la Feria, a vast plaza decorated and illuminated. Y are grouped hundreds of stalls: colorful shacks, where they drink, eat and dance till you drop, the rhythm of Seville. The day, Real is the scene of a horse ride informal, and bullfights are given each evening.

La Vela de Santiago y Santa Ana probably dates, in turn, the ^thirteenth century. These festivities take place annually around July 25. They mix the secular with the religious. Liturgical celebrations in effect adds the festival, which installs the Guadalquivir River, in the Calle Betis in Triana. Of the stalls are mounted in this location, to allow everyone to drink and eat. Various celebrations are held during these few days.

Bullfighting

Seville is a mecca of Spanish bullfighting. Cradle of many bullfighters and capital of one of the most famous pastoral areas of brave bulls , it is one of the most prominent homes in the aficin Spain. Occur at the Maestranza is the dream of every matador , and triumphs in these places are hired for a promising future.

Maestranza bullring

Arenas

These arenas, the oldest in Spain after those of Ronda , are classified as Tier . Constructed from the ^eighteenth century , they are the property of the Real Maestranza de Sevilla Caballera , corporation nobility, composed of descendants of the Andalusian nobility, founded by Charles II in 1670 , from old medieval chivalric brotherhoods. His role was to train the cavalry warfare officers in the Spanish army, and empower them to integrate the ranks. Its original activities are clearly related to riding.
She now devotes himself to a range of charitable, artistic and cultural patronage, and the promotion of equestrian and bullfighting. In this sense, it supports the bullfighting school in the city. It is under the patronage of King Hermano Mayor, since the reign of Philip V , who granted many privileges .

Bullfighting

La Real Maestranza delegates organizing bullfights to a private provider, Empresa Pags, held by the family Canora. Totaling approximately 35 annual performances (which makes the Maestranza bullring in Spain's second, after Madrid ), the bullfighting season takes place on a traditional calendar, which is marked by the beginning of the bullfight Sunday Easter (Domingo de Resurreccin) , the most prestigious of the year. One to two weeks later held the Feria de Abril, consisting of a series of twenty bullfights over two weeks. The second part of the cycle coincides with Farolillos week, the Feria de Abril se. After the fair ended, the activity arenas loses intensity. Cycle novilladas Sunday takes place in May and June, then two bullfights are held at key dates in the liturgical calendar of the city, the Corpus Christi (Corpus Christi), and August 15 in honor of the Virgen de los Reyes. Later, the last weekend of September takes place the Feria de San Miguel , which has two to three years depending on bullfighting. Finally, the Corrida of the Virgen del Pilar , October 12, closes the season.

The aficin

The tradition of bullfighting in Seville is very old, and very well established. The city and its surroundings have seen the birth of many bullfighters, who helped promote bullfighting in the city. Several Peas (clubs) bullfighting aficionados gather in Seville, while the city is full of references to bullfighting (streets given names of bullfighters, statues ...).
Arenas with a capacity of 12,500 seats, host a mixed audience of experts, known for their tendency toreriste. Famed for contemptuous silence they prefer to boos, these arenas are also known for their propensity to engage fully with the matadors who honor of a great faena. The ultimate prize is awarded to the bullfighter who cut a minimum of three awards : the winner takes out by the famous Puerta del Prncipe, which gives it honor and reputation.

Traditions

Bars and tapas

The bar is a must Seville's social life. The pubs are legion, both in central than in peripheral areas. They are a meeting point between the inhabitants of a street, the regulars, the sector employees and people passing through. A large majority of Seville goes to the cafes to the hours of breakfast , the aperitif (two customs that have retained their force), meals, or times of work breaks. Institutions are often crowded at noon, and especially in the historic evening, during weekends basically.

The tradition of tapas is widespread throughout Spain. However, Seville is famous for the intensity of the practice, which is to navigate from bar to bar, family, friends, or colleagues to share a drink and some tapas. The wine and beer drinks are by far the most consumed, sold at low cost. The whole is commonly accompanied by tapas, or just peanuts, pistachios, Pipas, altramuces ( lupins ) or olives. This custom is for the ritual of the bar that all natives performing at a frequency higher or lower. Dinner at the restaurant does not use as widespread as in France or in the north. The tabernas (taverns), Cerveceria (breweries), and other bars are concentrated crowds until late at night. Among the most popular areas can be cited in the Plaza del Salvador, Calle Adriano (more generally around the arena), the district of Santa Cruz (Calle Mateos Gago particular), the district of Santa Catalina or Triana.

Nightlife

Tablao

Later in the evening, some streets and squares are the fun-seekers, who gather in bars and nightclubs. The Triana district, including the Calle Betis, the Guadalquivir River, is certainly one of the busiest for bars at night or its tablaos. Night owls fans also agglutinate bars on the Plaza de la Alfalfa and its surroundings. The area around the Arenal attracts fans of clubs , which are found in summer near the Maria Luisa park , teeming with nightclubs outdoors. Finally, most youth by the music and ambience alternative tends to be concentrated along a promenade, the Alameda de Hrcules.

Another practice night is very popular with young Seville: the botellon. This strong tradition among young people whose resources do not allow them to drink in pubs, is to buy at the supermarket bottles of alcohol for consumption later in the street during a botelln, and spontaneous aggregation improvised, can meet at the same location a few individuals to several hundred people. The Andalusian government, like other autonomous communities, however, decided in 2006 to regulate the keeping of botellon to limit the inconvenience to the neighborhood, and promote the fight against alcoholism . Municipalities have since allowed to prohibit the holding of botellon on public roads, and establish open forums specifically designated for that purpose: the botelldromes, which now experiencing massive influx .

Gastronomy

Popular Seville gastronomy is strongly influenced by Mediterranean cuisine , with fish, olive oil and many fruits and vegetables. It also places emphasis on local produce from neighboring provinces: sausages , pork, bull ... It is distinguished by the simplicity of the dishes that we generally prefer cooked kind, grilled or fried: the elaborate dishes or sauces, so prized by Basque or Navarrese, where the kitchen is an institution, a familiar echo more limited.

At the forefront of gastronomy Seville include regional productions, which often enter into the composition of tapas:

• Deli Meats: ham Iberian chorizo , blood sausage (morcilla), lomo (pork tenderloin)
• Cheese from sheep and goats ,
• Fish and shellfish
• olives ,
• citrus ,

Among the foods most frequently occur:

Flamenquines

Salmorejo

• cocido andaluz: sort of pot au feu local-based beef, sausage, chorizo, bacon, potatoes,
• the pring: dish made with leftover meat origin of cocido andaluz, chopped and baked in olive oil and often seasoned with tomato and chilli. Now frequently cooked specifically, it is usually served as a tapa montadito in a bun,
• huevos a la flamenca: fried eggs with tomatoes and chorizo
• the flamenqun: rolled fried ham or mountain York and pork loin (lomo)
• the various salads: ensaladilla Rusa,
• spinach in Seville: cooked with chickpeas and cumin,
• the solomillo: pork tenderloin, cooked with garlic and flamed with whiskey, or served with a sauce of Roquefort
• fried fish (cod, smelt, anchovies, ...) and molluscs (squid, cuttlefish, ...)
• oxtail, cooked in a stew,
• the gazpacho : cold soup made of tomatoes, cucumber, garlic, onion, pepper, bread, olive oil and vinegar
• the salmorejo : a kind of thick gazpacho, accompanied by boiled egg floss or diced ham,
• prawns with garlic,
• the Albndigas: various balls of meat or fish, seasoned with various spices, breaded and fried
• Dads paragraph: potatoes, which when cooked, cooled by marinating in a mixture of olive oil, chopped onion, parsley and sherry vinegar

The pastries , usually from the Eastern tradition, are highly prized in Seville. The most famous find their origins in the many monasteries of the city, some of which continue to produce and market:

The Torrija the toast Andalusian

• the pestios: kind of small cakes coated with honey and flavored with sesame and cinnamon,
• the cortadillos,
• torrijas: a kind of toast ,
• the yemas: cooked egg yolk mixed with sugar and flavored with vanilla

Jam bitter orange peel is also very popular. Another popular specialty for breakfast is the tostata, simple toasted bread, rubbed with garlic and drizzled with olive oil. He then added, if desired, various ingredients: ham, tomato, ...

Seville and literature

Sports

Amenities

The Ramn Snchez Pizjun

The city of Seville has numerous sports facilities built in recent decades. Further facilities nearby, for the use of the population, Seville has three stages of capacity, where changing the local teams and sporting events are organized cultural or national and international. The Manuel Ruiz de Lopera Stadium , opened in 1997 and unfinished home matches of the football team Real Betis Balompi. It has 55,000 seats. The Estadio Ramn Snchez Pizjun 1958. It is used by the team of Sevilla and has 45 500 seats. Finally, in 1999 was inaugurated on La Cartuja Olympic Stadium , a multipurpose sports equipment for 72 000 seats, which hosts various sporting and cultural events.

Sporting events

Following the 1992 World Exposition , and depression that gripped the city, the municipality has, among other measures to boost the local economy, launched a plan to promote and develop the sporting dimension of the city entitled Sevilla, ciudad del deporte (Seville, a city of sport).

The city then filed his candidacy to host the Olympics in 2004 , without success, the modest size of the city and the recent holding of the Olympic Games in Barcelona in 1992 having disqualified from the start. The same scenario was repeated for the Olympics in 2008 .

Nevertheless, 1995 is initiated the construction of the Olympic stadium of La Cartuja, which was founded in 1999 with an inauguration by the King of Spain. This new equipment was designed to promote the sporting image of the city and allow the organization of major international sporting events. Since 1999 have occurred in these places in the world athletics championships in 1999 , the final of the Copa del Rey (1999 and 2001), the final of the UEFA Cup (in 2003), the world championship Supercross (2003), the final of the Davis Cup (in 2004) and various games of the selection of football in Spain.

In addition, the city hosted the following events: the European swimming championships in 1997, the world rhythmic gymnastics in 1998, world cup rowing and canoeing in 2001, the World Championships of rowing in 2002, and the world championship of golf in 2004.

Sports Teams

Several sports teams Sevillanas change in domestic competitions, the most famous of them being the local football teams, which both belong to the first division : the Real Betis Balompi and Sevilla Ftbol Club , two rival clubs whose meetings Unleashed passions.

Seville is illustrated in other disciplines with teams such as CD Universidad de Sevilla ( Floor Hockey ), the Rugby Club Universidad de Sevilla ( Rugby Union ), El Monte Ciencias RC ( Rugby Union ), the Eskimo Voleibol ( Volleyball ) or the Club Baloncesto Sevilla Cajasol " ( Basketball ).

Famous people

• Isidore of Seville
• Leander of Seville
• Ibn Zuhr ( ) Avenzoar
• Jabir ibn Aflah ( )
• Ibn al-Awwam ( )
• Marquis de Villa Alta (1845-1909)
• Eugenio Hermoso

• Felipe Gonzlez

Twinnings

• Angers ( France ) since 2000 (Cooperation)
• Buenos Aires Argentina
• Cartagena de Indias Colombia
• Columbus United States
• Krakow Poland
• Dsseldorf Germany
• Guadalajara Mexico
• Kansas City United States since 1969

Notes

Bibliography

• Chaunu , Seville and the Atlantic (1504-1650), Paris, SEVPEN, 12 volumes, 1955-1960.
• Chaunu, Seville and America in the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, Paris, Flammarion, 1977.

External Links

• Seville City Council

References

1. "The capital of Andaluca es la ciudad de Sevilla, sede del Parlamento, de la Presidencia of the Junta de Gobierno y del Consejo (...)" (The capital of Andalusia is Seville, the seat of Parliament , Presidency of the Junta and the Council of Government) - Article 4 of the Preliminary Title of the Statute of Autonomy of Andalusia, approved by referendum on 18 February 2007 - Available on the website dedicated to the autonomous status
2. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica
3. San Juan de Aznalfarache - Jose Nieto
4. All data in this paragraph from the site of the Agencia Estatal de Meteorologa
5. http://www.aemet.es/es/elclima/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos?o=5783&v=TMX&v=Tmn&m=13
6. http://www.aemet.es/es/elclima/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos?o=5783&v=TMX&v=Tmn&m=13
7. For the whole of this chapter, see: http://www.timenet.org/ , the website of Spanish newspaper ABC and site of the City of Seville.
8. This entire chapter draws its sources from the Instituto Nacional de Estadsticas and the Instituto de Estadstica de Andaluca
9. Source: Spanish Constitution of 1978, Title VIII, Chapter 1, Article 140 , Ley 7 / 1985, 2 de abril, de las Bases del Reguladora Rgimen Local , Estatuto de autonoma para Andaluca, Title III, Articles 91-95.
10. Source: City of Seville
11. Source: City of Seville
12. Source: City of Seville.
13. Source Aeropuertos Espaoles y Navegacin Area
14. Source: 2006 Annual Review tourism published by the City of Seville, p. 8.
15. [...] Espaa encuentra a la cabeza the EU cuanto al parque de autobuses y coaches, const 60.000 unidades y constituye el modo de transporte colectivo ms utilizado: back very viajes cada y 1200 millones de viajeros al ao. (Spain [...] is at the head of the European Union for its fleet of buses and coaches, which has 60,000 units and is the mode of transportation most used: two trips three and 1.2 billion passengers per year, personal translation), source: "seguros como el avin Tan" , published in the supplement Motor of the Spanish daily El Mundo , No. 361, May 2006
16. Bici Sevilla
17. The data contained in this chapter were obtained from Sevilla Global, Agencia Urbana de promocin econmica del Ayuntamiento de Sevilla , the Instituto Nacional de Estadstica and the Instituto Andaluz de Estadsticas.
18. Source: Actualidad Econmica 2004 rankings
19. Source: 2006 Annual Review tourism published by the City of Seville
20. Source: Spanish Ministry of Education and Science.
21. Source: Universidad de Sevilla.
22. Source: Universidad Pablo de Olavide.
23. Source: Universidad Pblica de Andaluca.
24. Source: Fundacin San Pablo Andaluca
25. Source: Fundacin Universidad Fernando III.
26. report "La construccin one sueo" singular "," Margot Molina, published in the online edition of Spanish daily El Pas
27. A skyscraper 82m higher than the Giralda (El Pas, 24 January 2007 )
28. Puerto Triana, the new financial center of Seville (Sevilla21.com)
29. History of the bridges of Seville (ES).
30. See CARDESO BUENO, Diego Sevilla. El casco antiguo: Historia, arte y Urbanismo, Sevilla, Guadalquivir, 2006.
31. Historia
32. a href = "http://es.geocities.com/sjaznalfarache/130mir-gu01.htm" class = "external text" rel = "nofollow"> San Juan de Aznalfarache - Jose Nieto
33. Incomplete list extracted from Sevilla Informacin.
34. See this: AGUDO Torrico, Juan, "Arquitectura tradicional. Reflexiones sobre patrimonio in peligro", Boletn del Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histrico, 29, available online at the website of the Consejera de Cultura de la Junta de Andaluca.
35. See a report dealing corrales de vecinos on the website of the Centro del Profesorado Alcal de Guadara.
36. Reales Alcazares de Sevilla.
37. Ayuntamiento de Sevilla.
38. Incomplete list extracted from the Register of Parks and Gardens of the Ayuntamiento de Sevilla.
39. Source Artehistoria. The Museum of Fine Arts is often considered the second picture gallery in Spain after the Prado Museum , with regard to the national art collections.
40. Website of the Museo de Bellas Artes
41. Source: Website of the Archaeological Museum of Seville.
42. Source Website of the Centro Andaluz de Arte Contemporaneo.
43. Source: Website of the Museum of Arts and Popular Customs.
44. Source: Website of Lope de Vega theater.
45. Website of the Teatro de la Maestranza
46. Website of the Teatro Central
47. Source: Indirock , list of concerts recorded to measure the gap between the two cities in the area. Grenada is indeed recognized as the most active cities in Andalusia in the field of music.
48. Some of these groups have now disappeared. All are the subject of an article in the Spanish Wiki.
49. Website of the Biennial of Flamenco
50. Website of the Festival de cine europeo 100%
51. See the Area de Fiesta Mayor of the City of Seville.
52. Source: http://www.degelo.com/sevilla/sev17.htm degelo.com.
53. Source: http://www.rafaes.com/patronas-sevilla.htm rafaes.com.
54. Source: http://www.rafaes.com/inmaculada-monumento.htm rafaes.com.
55. The arena is first class now: Madrid (Las Ventas), Cordoba, Barcelona, Valencia, Bilbao, San Sebastian, Zaragoza and Seville. To be classified in this category, the arena should be located in a provincial capital, and organize at least fifteen annual performances, including at least ten corridas de toros. Source: Taurine Rules - Real Decreto 145/96 of 2 February 1996 Title III, Article 23, 2
56. Source: Real Maestranza de Sevilla Caballera.
57. See the article on this measure on the Internet the daily El Pais
58. See a study by the University Paris 3 on the phenomenon of botellon in Spain
59. Source: Article Sevilla on Hispanic.

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