Rock
| Rock | |
| Stylistic origins | Rock 'n' roll Electric Blues Folk music Country |
|---|---|
| Cultural backgrounds | the 1950 and 1960  United States  United Kingdom |
| Instrument (s) typical (s) | Electric Guitar Low Battery Singing Synthesizer Keyboards |
| Popularity | World |
| Subgenre (s) | Art rock - Garage rock - Glam rock - Grunge - Hard rock - Heavy metal - Krautrock - Punk rock - Rockabilly - Rock Alternative - Experimental Rock - Progressive Rock - Psychedelic Rock - Southern Rock - Soft Rock - Surf Rock ( Complete list ) |
| Genre (s) derivative (s) | Heavy Metal - Pop |
| Genre (s) associated with (s) | Rap rock - Bhangra rock - Anatolian rock - Blues Rock - Country rock - Flamenco-rock - Folk rock - Glam punk - jazz fusion - Punta rock - Ra rock - Rockoson - Space rock - Stoner rock |
| Regional scenes | Worldwide, mostly in North America and Europe. |
| See also | Rock opera - Rock and Roll Hall of Fame |
The rock is a musical genre , which emerged in the late 1950's the United States and United Kingdom. The genre has its roots in rock 'n' roll , the rhythm and blues , the country of the 1940 and 1950 and in the folk , the jazz.
It is characterized by a dominant vocal melody, often accompanied by one (or more) electric guitar , a bass guitar and drums , but can also be accompanied by synth / piano , of brass or other instruments.
In the late 1960s and the early 1970s , the rock is divided into many sub-genres such as psychedelic rock and garage rock. It mixes with other musical genres as folk, ( folk rock ), blues ( blues rock ) or jazz ( jazz-rock fusion ). In the 1970s, the rock is influenced by the soul , the funk , and Latin music.
During the same decade, other areas of rock are developing such as glam rock , the hard rock , the heavy metal , the progressive rock , the punk rock , and soft rock. Among the sub-genres of rock that emerged during the 1980s the most popular are the new wave , the hardcore punk and alternative rock. During the 1990s, many new sub-genres are born as grunge , the Britpop , the indie rock , and nu metal.
A group of musicians specializing in rock is called a rock band. Most rock bands are composed of a guitarist electric, a singer principal, a bassist and a drummer , forming a quartet. Some groups omit one or more of these roles include a singer or play an instrument at the same time he sings, forming a trio or duo ; others include additional musicians such as one or two rhythm guitarists , or a keyboardist. More rarely, groups also employ stringed instruments such as violins or cellos , wind instruments like a saxophone or brass instruments like trumpets or trombones.
More recently, the term rock was used as a generic term that includes forms like pop music , the soul music , and sometimes even hip hop , with whom he is often contrasted with History Rock 'n' roll is a "child" of the blues then derived from black music, the rhythm ternary of it being replaced by a binary rhythm and tempo more sustained. Afro-American music is the main source of artistic creations and innovations in the USA. A distinction must be rhythm and blues and rock 'n' roll, even if the task appears difficult in the late 1940's to 1954. Rock 'n' roll is a musical genre invented and played by black musicians who were inspired by the rhythm and blues , simple, easy to dance and exciting, this new style was ideal for nightclubs African-American. Quote by Captain Glenn Miller contributes to the musical structure of rock 'n' roll in 1943 with his pipe In the Mood and Fats Domino who made rock 'n' roll from 1948 without knowing it. Ike Turner also claims to have interpreted the first rock 'n' roll, Rocket 88 in 1951. The label rock 'n' roll has initially been used to distinguish the rhythm and blues of African-Americans from that of whites and for reasons related to the political race of the day. It was unacceptable that artists whites are found in the same bins in record stores than blacks. The white community, who did not attend nightclubs black, rejected this musical style considered barbaric. In 1951 , the disc jockey Alan Freed hosts a radio show called Moondog's Rock and Roll Party. This is the first release of rock 'n' roll to a wide audience. That's what disc jockey radio that has its name in rock 'n' roll by taking a phrase found since the 1940's in some songs from rhythm and blues and that means in slang "make love". Alan Freed was the first DJ White to firmly support the artists blacks playing the "devil's music." Good company American will make its "enemy number one" and will indeed his skin 1956. The term rockabilly means the first historically identifiable form of rock 'n' roll, it is essentially a cross between rhythm and blues and country music. Elvis Presley and Bill Haley were two precursors among singers white. Elvis Presley , nicknamed The King ("King" of rock 'n' roll), records what is probably one of the earliest rockabilly with songs That's All Right (Mama) and will collect very early success. Fats Domino , Little Richard and Chuck Berry black musicians, then, are the main pillars of the hyper-creative rock 'n' roll, but Bill Haley & His Comets , which officially sign the first tube of rock 'n' roll with the title Rock Around the Clock ( recovery Sonny Dae and His Knights, 1952 ), a style very simplified and easily assimilated to the white community. The first tube of the history of rock 'n' roll contained the generic of film Blackboard Jungle is a number of charts in the U.S. (8 weeks ) and the United Kingdom (3 weeks ) in 1955. Buddy Holly , Jerry Lee Lewis , Eddie Cochran and Gene Vincent into the breach. The musicians blacks remain very active with Chuck Berry and Bo Diddley in particular. Let's not forget Little Richard , who on his first 45 laps sign four of the greatest rock standards: Tutti Frutti , Long Tall Sally , Rip It Up and Ready Teddy. These artists definitely affect African-Americans the world of rock 'n' roll by their compositions but also by revolutionary scenes of their games. Chuck Berry will be marked with the title Rock Johnny B. Goode. As echoed by several generations of rockers from Elvis Presley to ACDC , via The Beatles. His stage sets and his dance steps will be taken up also by his successors, for example, Elvis Presley or Angus Young. The Rolling Stones will draw heavily on his style. Rock 'n' roll cause a backlash from the right company American who believes he has triumphed over this movement in 1959. It then announces the death of rock 'n' roll and it is true that the United States , the movement seems to be faltering. The singers are now very consensual and Elvis Presley is institutionalized, confined to ballads. Rock 'n' roll, however, continues to grow more local forms and confidential as the surf music of the west coast or the garage to the north. In the late 1950s and the early 1960's , we hear more and more songs of rock 'n' roll more "wise", more "soft" and that will generate pop music : The Everly Brothers : All I Have To Do Is Dream in 1958 , rock 'n' roll, Johnny Burnette (in) : Dreamin and You're Sixteen in 1960 (composed by the Sherman Brothers ), Del Shannon (in) : Runaway (en) in 1961 Brian Hyland (in) : Sealed With A Kiss in 1962 , or Lee Dorsey (in) with Ya ya in 1962. The "pure" rock 'n' roll and rockabilly tends to disappear, except for some rare titles such as Roy Orbison with (Oh) Pretty Woman in 1964 and Sam the Sham & the Pharaohs Wooly Bully with in 1965. See list of singers of rock 'n' roll The reply does not come from the United States but the United Kingdom. The early followers of Elvis Presley appear as Cliff Richard and small groups are multiplying to imitate them. The influence of American Chuck Berry is deep. In passing, however, rock 'n' roll and acclimatized The Shadows , which accompany Cliff Richard , initiate the archetype of the rock band so it will be taken both in Europe on the other side of the Atlantic : the bass disappears in favor of the bass , two guitarists share the tasks of rhythm for the first and the " chorus "for the second. The groups, British and quickly move away from their model U.S. to create a music that the original French call " British rock. " Beatles accentuate the work on the melody and harmony vocal and give rise to pop music while the movement of "British blues boom returns to roots blues , focusing on rhythms and syncopated sounds more aggressive. The Rolling Stones emerge as the spearhead of British rock. Parallel branches then multiply: for groups such as The Who , The Troggs , The Small Faces and The Kinks develop the motion model , while The Animals and The Yardbirds create a blues rock UK. Wealth creation UK is flourishing and definitely establishes a global music genre that became emblematic of the second half of the twentieth century. The rock then branches out almost to infinity, exploring niches apparently unlikely. The jazz-rock fusion born of the research initiated in the 1960s. If the 1950 proposed a common scene for artists black and white , the 1960's put an end to this mix. Blacks moving away from the rock, towards musical genres that are of benefit to their social reality. The Soul Music activist James Brown is more and more followers. Also, the rock scene UK is mainly white , while black Americans adapt to their sauce rediscovery British of the importance of melody. Based on ancient structures segregationists , they give birth to an important branch of the family tree of rock, including what to call "dance music", from funk to rap through the pop of the Tamla of the 1960s. Consequence of this partitioning, the rockers Black is rare in the other great family of post-Beatles rock. However include Jimi Hendrix , guitarist of genius, who electrifies his blues to rock and opened white other universes. If rock 'n' roll has always been worn by a youth too cramped in the moral strictures of their elders, the texts until the 1960s were often confined to festive themes eventually charged with connotations of sex. With Bob Dylan 's words take a turn at once more poetic and more committed. Combining the poetry surrealist movement's commitment to folk ( Woody Guthrie and Joan Baez , Pete Seeger ), he became the chronicler of his generation, addressing issues without fear of political and social. Its impact will be crucial on both sides of the Atlantic. The United States , the protest songs express the rejection of the Cold War or the military involvement in Vietnam while in the United Kingdom , John Lennon's most personal book of texts and sought after. The rock becomes both a movement art , acquiring intellectual legitimacy, and a stream of "culture-cons." This trend reached its peak with major festivals in the late 1960s: at Woodstock or the Isle of Wight hundreds of thousands of young people gather to share both a passion for music but also a vision of the world break with established standards. In 1965, The Sonics , the U.S. group, released their first album, Here Are The Sonics , initiating the garage rock and causing, in turn, an explosion of groups in Britain, with a sub-genre to be known as pub rock in the early the years 1970. Since then, the style was explored in all its facets, from the hardest rock ( Raw Power , with Iggy & The Stooges ), to more "calm" ( MC5 ). In 1972 , guitarist Lenny Kaye , a future member of the Patti Smith Group , created the compilation Nuggets ("nuggets" in French), which comprises beads of garage rock between 1965 and 1967, including bands like The Seeds , The Electric Prunes , The Strangeloves or the 13th Floor Elevator , all on a double album of 27 tracks. This disc had a tremendous influence on the generation to come to the point of view published a series so rich, with 2 and Children Of Nuggets Nuggets. It also included legendary bands like The Stooges , MC5 , The Cramps , The White Stripes , The Libertines and The Hives ... From the mid- 1960s , consumption of psychotropic drugs (especially LSD ), which became common in intellectual circles, marks the beginning of the artistic creation under control. While the acid rock was born on the West Coast of the United States with the Grateful Dead , the psychedelic also appeared in the United Kingdom through the first concerts of Pink Floyd , the formation of Cream or the album Revolver by The Beatles. But it was with the album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band of the latter that this influence becomes obvious to the general public. This trend favors the revival of the groups U.S. such as The Byrds , The Doors and Jefferson Airplane. The eye of the cyclone is nevertheless still at UK. New trends are emerging including the progressive rock of King Crimson , Emerson, Lake & Palmer , Genesis or Yes , which introduces elements from the jazz and classical music or a href = "Heavy_metal_ (music)" title = "Heavy metal (music)"> heavy metal band whose beginnings can be felt from 1966 through the guitar riff saturated Cream or Jimi Hendrix , and truly be born with Led Zeppelin , Deep Purple , Black Sabbath or Blue Cheer. The rock of the late 1960's is politicized and the Flower Power is an expression peaceful hovering rock that characterizes the transition from the album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band by The Beatles in 1967 and the first riffs punk of 1975. The transition to 1970 is marked by the premature death of many stars of rock, like Jimi Hendrix (Jimi Hendrix Experience), Brian Jones (Rolling Stones), Janis Joplin or Jim Morrison (The Doors), all aged 27 at their death. The psychedelic style is therefore encompasses groups that have a different sense of experimentation. And even groups like The Velvet Underground may sometimes be described as psychedelic. We distinguish then the psychedelia -based Flower Power of a psychedelic darker and / or underground. Thereby include Hawkwind or Amon Dl II , travel enthusiasts and ghostly night. In the second half of 1960 , appears the fusion of pop and folk to the U.S. with Bob Dylan , The Byrds and The Band , Crosby, Stills and Nash and Neil Young. The Band , with its fusion of traditional music with rock, blues , the country music and ballads, Irish and Appalachian will have a decisive influence. In response, the UK also produces artists in search of their roots music as Bert Jansch , Pentangle , Fairport Convention , Richard Thompson , Steeleye Span. This current gives birth of folk rock mass market in the U.S. with bands like The Eagles or Poco. In England , these musicians are facing rapidly punk , and, struck with mediocrity, their records disappear in stores world , Celtic or New Age. During the 1960s, British rock bands as Cream , The Rolling Stones , Beatles , The Yardbirds , The Who and The Kinks altered rock 'n' roll, adding a powerful sound of heavy guitar riffs, impressive battery and loud voices. This new sound laid the foundation for hard rock. Hard rock emerged late 1960 with British bands Led Zeppelin , Deep Purple and traditional heavy metal with Black Sabbath (UK group also), who mixed the music of early British rock bands with severe forms of blues rock and ' acid rock. During the 1970s, groups like AC / DC , Thin Lizzy , Aerosmith , Alice Cooper , Kiss , Scorpions , Van Halen , Queen , Motrhead and Judas Priest appear. During the 1980s, appears the new wave of heavy metal British ( New Wave of British Heavy Metal ), whose group has had the most success is Iron Maiden , which is moving towards more lyrical aspects. In the 1990s, we see more styles appear more violent, that have very little to do with hard rock and traditional heavy metal, like death metal ( Cannibal Corpse ), the black metal ( Bathory ) The 1970s saw the gradual disappearance of psychedelia and the end of the dream hippie. This disillusionment, coupled with the commodification exponential music gives rise to a current embracing the contradictions of his time in proposing an image glamorous and decadent : the glam rock. As rhinestones and glitter of their costumes androgynous , David Bowie , T. Rex , Sweet , Roxy Music , Elton John , Gary Glitter , Slade or even Queen offer a rock and theatrical Baroque , also marking a return to the spontaneity of rock n 'roll, with songs shorter and faster than the psychedelic rock. Highly danceable, glam rock will be very successful in the charts with songs like Bang A Gong (Get It On) T. Rex or Rock N 'Roll (Part 1) by Gary Glitter and others. Queen of resumes, at least initially, the androgynous look and the costumes, but there musical mix of heavy metal, progressive rock and funk, pop and disco. The roots music of the punk movement back to the 1960s with the kind garage ( Stooges , MC5 ), followed by the scene in New York in the mid- 1970s, including The New York Dolls , Patti Smith and then in 1974 the arrival of the Caption: " The Ramones "whose first album in 1976 is considered the first album of punk rock. From the scene of CBGB's , the group caused a revolution in music, among others influencing the wave punk in the UK and a good hundred groups including Metallica , Red Hot Chili Peppers , U2 , Eddie Vedder , Rob Zombie , Rancid , or Motrhead. This scene also includes many different artists musically, less homogeneous than the English punk scene. In the UK , the punk movement really takes off from 1976 with bands like the Sex Pistols and their title "God Save the Queen , The Clash headlined. Groups directly affected by the first album of Ramones as well as one of their concerts in the UK in summer 1975 or the majority of members of these two groups as well as the future Captain Sensible of The Damned were there before you make music. The punk movement is clearly opposed in reaction to the rock of the 1970s that allows the records as virtuosity. Thus, one of the messages is to push all punk group interested in the music , even if the technique is not strictly controlled. Punks open the doors of recording studios to countless groups , from The Police to U2. The second message of punk was more political. The British are burying their great power status (Anarchy In The UK God Save The Queen or the Sex Pistols or means: "' God Save The Queen , She's No Human Being, Here's No Future In England'"... or I 'm So Bored With The USA's first album of the Clash. The United States had resisted more than eighteen months to Beatlemania , they held firm for over twenty years at the wave punk. If the opening of the studios has held the United States , it is less obvious than in Europe. Musically, the proponents of a modern rock said, however, openly claim to be children of punk. It was not until the 1980s that the United States are formed from groups like the Pixies , the Red Hot Chili Peppers , the groups of Mike Patton as Mr. Bungle or Faith No More , and the movement grunge West Coast U.S. to receive an echo in the punk music American public, effectively healing the wounds of a broken rock for over ten years in two camps: Classic and Modern. This debate is essentially American , because in Europe the modernists have won the game in the early 1980's. By the late 1970's , part of the punk movement evolves into a production studio best, a more assertive attention to the quality of texts and a general desire more oriented towards experimentation. The first to profile the kind post-punk are Wire , Devo or Siouxsie and the Banshees , the artists that give prominence to the recording studio and stand out immediately from punk , preserving its appearance brutal while creating more varied structures and often darker. The term new wave will appear to describe this music more sophisticated which will gradually build on the progress of synthesizers in counterpoint guitars and ethereal guitars bass heavy. The term new wave remains generic, encompassing both the pop of the 1980s and coldwave of Joy Division (with the album Closer in 1980 ) or The Cure that morning rock reggae of The Police. Unlike the new-wave , the term post-punk is limited to albums from the period 1978 to about 1982. In the tradition of Kraftwerk , current electro (the synthpop ) appears with Depeche Mode , but the house led by New Order. The synthesizers are gradually replacing guitars. This represents the latest one of the foundations of music technology. Since the late 1960s a new style of jazz is: jazz fusion. Popularized by the album Hot Rats by Frank Zappa , this style is having great success and many groups go through a face Fazz Merger, including Santana album with Caravenserai and Borboletta , Al Di Meola on the album Elegant Gypsy , John Mayall and other famous musicians. Jazz fusion artists also known as a full-fledged Miles Davis , Pat Metheny , Steely Dan , Weather Report , Chick Corea. Now adults, rock was installed during the 1970s in a stride that punks English were shattered. The 1980s thus opened on the promise - quickly disappointed - a new beginning. The 1980's reveal the mixing of several kinds which dissociate quickly from the rock prior representation, but it also features many artists who will live rock, while allowing it to evolve. While the branch of hard rock is " metallized "radicalizing his speech in an avalanche of decibels , a frantic acceleration of tempo and saturation that pushes the limits of the audible, the major current settles down and gets closer to becoming more than pop. Dire Straits embodies the serene rock, the guitars of goldsmiths and texts carved but the fever has subsided, or even the irreverent Smiths , led by lyricist Morrissey (even if it continues write engaging lyrics, her voice sounds back to pop ). If some of which U2 or REM trying to revive a committed approach, but rather the boundaries of rock, as in the mixture with the funk from Michael Jackson or Prince musical exploration that continues, then put forward by the music channel MTV. With the emergence of the latter that the term indie rock (or alternative rock ) will grow. The latter is represented by bands like Sonic Youth or Pixies , and encompasses many other groups pop , electronic, industrial or garage and shoegaze , as well as groups from the post-punk , who pursue their careers. On the fringes of rock, this wind of freedom to enjoy electronic music , constraints since their emergence in the United States and in England (from techno to the Acid House ) to flourish underground. In the second half of the 1980s, heavy metal will make a comeback in the form of Glam Metal from Los Angeles and will emerge as the most popular style in the world around 1986. The following year, it dominates 80% of the U.S. charts with bands like Motley Crue , Def Leppard , Poison , Ratt and Bon Jovi. While groups of Los Angeles stormed the charts, some groups go back to the base metal music by offering a more violent and aggressive, with an emphasis on timeliness, such as Metallica and Slayer. Born in the mid-1980s, the neo-classical is a new form of music that mixes heavy metal riffs and veering in the classic compostition. The forerunner of the movement was Yngwie Malmsteen with the album Rising Force. The style is particularly complicated because it requires a certain virtuosity in the guitar. We can then include guitarists such as Steve Vai , Joe Satriani , Patrick Rondat , Michael Angelo Batio , Jason Becker and Randy Rhoads. The rock is first known in France by the general public through the film including the release of the first films of Elvis Presley. The same year seems The Girl Can not Help It by Little Richard. These films and some records, inspire new musicians: Richard Anthony , Billy Bridge , Dick Rivers and Wild Cats , The Golf Drouot occur regularly Johnny Hallyday , Eddy Mitchell and black socks. Serge Gainsbourg , often regarded as a variety singer, brought in - between 1960 and 1990 - a new approach of French rock, covering all styles of music, including reggae (album Call to Arms & Ceat ) pop rock ( History Of Melody Nelson ) and percussion ("New York USA" or "Couleur Cafe"). Alain Bashung will also key in his early 80s until the early 2000 thanks to a new form of melodic rock with lyrics very surreal. He will become the most award-winning French artist and many generations of singers will be inspired. In 1974, Jacques Higelin paves the way rock album in France with 75 BBH (often considered the first true rock album in French) followed by the album Irradiated. In late 1970, the hard rock band Trust followed closely by phone that truly launches the "real" rock in France. In 1980 , Bruno said Jesse Garon smog, composed the famous "It's Monday" (1983), renewing a brilliant rock'n'roll origins thought to be extinct. Meanwhile, other groups will attempt to follow the path of Telephone, but none will have as much success. We will attend the birth of groups like Starshooter , Jewel , The Mouse Dglingue , Oberkampf , Brurier Black , Lucrate Milk , Pigalle , The Wampas , Boys Butchers , Mano Negra , Les VRP. Only the group Indochina successful breakthrough in the 1980s and the 2000s after a slump. The group Black Desire is definitely the most popular band and most essential of the 1990s in France. The turn of the 1990s was initiated by the noisy scene American. On the east coast, Sonic Youth and the Pixies mix a strong sense of melody after the pop music with a real rage rock 'n' roll. At the same time the Smashing Pumpkins appear on the scene and influence a whole generation of guitarists. In the early 2000s, the emergence of a new band, The Strokes , marks the beginning of a New Wave. These New Yorkers have a sound close to the Velvet Underground , with plenty of dynamism and modernity, they have an influence on other groups, including British, like the Arctic Monkeys (indie). The 1990s were especially rich regarding this scene with bands like Jane's Addiction , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Faith No More , Smashing Pumpkins , REM , Placebo , Radiohead , Pixies , or Nine Inch Nails. These groups are all very different part in the renewal of rock. The Pixies have announced the future grunge movement in 1989 , with songs including Where Is My Mind and Monkey Goes to Heaven. The shaking gets really sensitive when it takes the form of motion grunge in Seattle , carried by the events of the Gulf War and criticism of the poor standard of living of the American middle class. Among the major groups of this movement can be identified as Green River and Melvins as precursors and Nirvana as a leader, but Soundgarden , Pearl Jam , Sonic Youth , Alice in Chains , Screaming Trees , Mudhoney and Stone Temple Pilots. Meanwhile the rock begins to integrate the contributions of hip-hop , the funk of punk , the metal or other musical styles and mergers are finally heard. Aerosmith with Run DMC on the remix of lead the way followed by Fishbone , Living Colour , Urban Dance Squad , Body Count and the main references Rage Against The Machine followed by System of a Down as heir, Red Hot Chili Peppers , or the first album of Incubus. In the United Kingdom during the 1990s, Blur (with "Parklife" in 1994 ), Oasis (with "Wonderwall" in 1994 ) and Verve (with Bitter Sweet Symphony in 1997 ) seem to share the public landscape of pop and rock, creating a wave britpop. In a more experimental kind Radiohead is one of the major groups of the 1990s. Punk rock was born in the years 70 with groups like the Ramones , Sex Pistols , The Clash or the Buzzcocks , associated with the movement of the same name which quickly gave rise to groups rather that anarchists Crass. These groups are those of the first wave. She is said to be strongly influenced by the rock of Lou Reed and his group Velvet Underground , but you know it is rather the approach to music that would be common. The second wave consists of bands of the 80 as The Misfits , The Exploited , Dead Kennedys, Bad Religion , and after the first several branches of punk were formed (according to critics of the medium) with hardcore punk ( Black Flag , Bad Brains , Minor Threat ) and the term Oi! ( Sham 69 , which was already Oi! before punk, The Business, The 4-skins) The third wave is composed of bands of the 90 as Anti-Flag , NOFX and other groups known to the commercial success that Green Day , Blink 182 , Offspring , Sum 41 etc.. Other groups have also emmergs in the 2000s like The Libertines or Babyshambles / A> remmettent to rock the current year. These groups are in fact not representative of the punk movement but rather influenced by the motion said. They are more associated with punk rock and are the most famous bands in adolescents. Rock in general, if born in the United States and Britain , has now expanded across the globe. If the previous two countries remain the two main interests, several other countries like Canada , the Germany , the Australia , the Japan , the Brazil , the Norway and Sweden have given some of the largest groups among others on the heavy metal scene, the city of Quebec in Canada is very frequently cited as the world capital of metal. The rock is not only a musical movement since the mid 1950's. The film Blackboard Jungle , which presents the generic famous Rock Around the Clock for Bill Haley actually raises immediately the social bases of movement: the rebellion against the established order. This spirit of sedition present from the birth of rock in the mid-1950s is still alive in the 1960s with the hippie movement and the early 1970's with the Ramones and the punk movement. This role seems to have been taken over the past fifteen years by the rap, but in fact, rock has never denied his roots rebels. The famous maxim "Sex, drugs and rock 'n' roll" of Ian Dury is another facet of free and rebellious rock ( Born to Be Wild ). Once regarded as a work garment, the Blue jeans has been democratized by the rock movement. Fashion, whether clothing or hair, for example, is clearly influenced by rock music for five decades. The rock does not only influence fashion, but more generally the arts, from film to painting to literature. The work of Andy Warhol , to name him, and clearly based on a base rock. Today the rock press has taken a new momentum after the "wilderness" (not always justified) of the 1980s and 90s rock and magazines such as Rock & Folk are now read by tens of thousands of people each month. In addition, many zines were created on the Internet, some maintained by enthusiasts, writing reviews of albums and concert reviews, hoping to pay tribute to rock music that fascinates the last fifty years. There is also an eponymous dance is danced on the rock 6 times. In recent years fashion designers claim to clear the rock movement. From Paul Smith through Hedi Slimane , Karl Lagerfeld or brand Kooples they use or reinterpret the standards of rock look in their collections. List of movies associated with rock music: The birth of American rock
The revival British rock
The rock becomes protest
Garage rock and pub rock
The psychedelia
Pop and folk
Advent of hard rock and heavy metal
At the same time, Jimi Hendrix produced a form of blues influenced by the psychedelic rock combined with elements of jazz and rock 'n' roll, creating a unique genre. He was one of the first guitarists to experiment with guitar effects like phasing, feedback and distortion , with Dave Davies of the Kinks, Pete Townshend of The Who, Eric Clapton of Cream, and Jeff Beck of the Yardbirds.
At this time, hard rock and heavy metal were then synonymous (in the U.S. and the UK we were talking about heavy metal, whereas in France, the public used the term hard rock, heavy metal is the term used only by experts). It was not until the 1980s that separated the two terms. The term "heavy metal" is in effect redefined by journalist Lester Bangs magazine Creem. The heavy metal is mainly characterized by a distancing from his roots blues and heavy rhythms and powerful. Nevertheless, the border between the traditional heavy metal and hard rock remains unclear.
It was during the 1980s that the first sub-genres of heavy metal as glam metal (music say more commercial, more "pop" and influenced by the glam rock) and thrash metal (music faster and violent played by bands like Metallica or Slayer ) appear. Rock and glamorous
The revolution punk and its consequences
Post-punk , new wave and electro
Jazz fusion
The 1980s
Neo-Classical
The indie rock
In France
The 1990s
Movement American
The alternative rock
The grunge
Mergers
The English pop
Punk
Rock Country
Culture Rock
Rock and Film
Museums
See also
Bibliography
Related articles
External Links
References
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