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Ramses I

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Menpehtyr Ramses I is the pharaoh founder of the nineteenth dynasty of ancient Egypt , it reigns briefly -1295 to -1294 Genealogy

Stele with the names of Ramses I and Seti I - Louvre Museum
Ramses I
Birth Deaths to -1294
Father Seti Paternal grandparents
Paternal grandfather unknown
Paternal grandmother unknown
Mother Mother unknown Maternal grandparents
Maternal grandfather unknown
Maternal grandmother unknown
Siblings 3 brothers ( Khemouaset )
5 sisters
1st wife Satre Child (ren) Seti I.
2 nd wife unknown Child (ren) no children known
3rd wife unknown Child (ren) no children known
4th wife unknown Child (ren) no children known
5 th wife unknown Child (ren) no children known
6 th wife unknown Child (ren) no children known
7 th wife unknown Child (ren) no children known
8 th wife unknown Child (ren) no children known
Husband unknown Child (ren) no children known
2nd husband unknown Child (ren) no children known
3rd husband unknown Child (ren) no children known
4 th husband unknown Child (ren) no children known

Pa-called first Ramessu he was born into a noble family in Lower Egypt , located near Avaris , the ancient capital Hyksos in the Nile Delta. He was not of royal birth and his family honored particularly the cult of Seth in this part of the delta . He is the son of a commander of troops, Seti , and has five sisters and three brothers, Khemouaset Titulary

Cartridges Ramses I on the list of Abydos
Horus name
Hieroglyph
G5
E1
D44
M13M23 Translation "Translation unknown"

Reign

head preserved in the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston
Ramses I
Period New Kingdom
Dynasty Nineteenth dynasty
Function High Priest of Amun
Vizier then co-regent of Horemheb
Pharaoh
Predecessor Horemheb ( XVIII Dynasty )
Takeover Natural death of the previous
Dates of reign -1295 to -1294 According N. Grimal , Kitchen, J. Mlek , I. Shaw
-1315 to -1314 ( DB Redford )
-1308 to -1307 ( AH Gardiner )
-1307 to -1306 ( D. Arnold , Kinnaer)
-1306 to -1304 Hornung)
-1304 to -1303 (Parker)
-1298 to -1296 ( AD Dodson )
-1293 to -1291 (Wente)
-1292 to -1290 (Krauss, Helck, J. von Beckerath )
Duration of reign between two and ten years
Successor Seti I.
Transfer of power At his death, his son co-regent
Burial Not Found
Date Discovered Unknown
Discoverer Unknown
Excavated by ?

He takes over from his father in his office and appeared for the first time as superintendent of the royal stables. Charioteer and Chief archers , he obtained the post of royal ships from foreign countries. He then became commander of the fortress Tjaru and Superintendent of the Mouths of the Nile, that is to say, the military governor of the delta.

Friend of Horemheb , the last pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty , he made him his vizier and gives moreover the title of Member of Parliament throughout the country, of monitoring the work undertaken in the country. He is dismantling the temples of Aten erected at Karnak and reuses their stones to build the ninth pylon of the Temple of Amun. He placed at the foot of the latter two statues representing him.

Horemheb had no son, towards the end of his reign, Rameses appoints as co-regent and heir implicitly . He had a son, whose Seti , his wife Satre. A statue discovered in 1913 at Karnak in the name of Ramses or rather Paramss has indeed a titular princely heir to the entire country, head of the city and vizier.

Ramses I was already old at his coronation (to -1295 ), his son Seti became co-regent of his father as shown by the monuments of the reign .

Seti conducted many military campaigns, including Syria , while Ramses is rather concerned the country's affairs. He continues building the pillared hall of the temple of Karnak begun under Amenhotep III by the aisle, building north of the room. He nearly Avaris settlement that will subsequently enlarged by his son and grand-son in a real capital, Pi-Ramses.

The last known date of his reign is 20 Peret year 2 .

Burial

Relief depicting Ramses I at a table of offerings - Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Ramses I
Type Tomb
Location Valley of the Kings , tomb KV16
Date Discovered 10 October 1817
Discoverer Giovanni Battista Belzoni
Excavations 1817 : Henry Salt
1825 : James Burton
1 826 / 1,827 : Edward William Lane
1844 / in 1845 : Karl Richard Lepsius
1957 : Alexander Piankoff
Objects discovered sarcophagus , sculptures

After a brief reign, Ramses I died, leaving his son to become pharaoh. He is buried in the Valley of the Kings at Thebes. His tomb, discovered by a href = "Giovanni_Belzoni" class = "mw-redirect" title = "Giovanni Belzoni"> Giovanni Belzoni in 1817 , known as KV16 , is small for a pharaoh, seeming to confirm the eagerness with which it was built. It is covered with frescoes telling passages from the Book of doors , in the same vein as those of Horemheb , which in style it is very close. We have found the remains of funerary furniture including a wooden statue that tarred, intact, was the counterpart of those who guarded the tomb of Tutankhamun , which are exhibited in the first floor of the Cairo Museum.

Seti I built him a chapel at Abydos preserved at Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.

Notes

  1. According N. Grimal , Kitchen, J. Mlek , I. Shaw.
    Other specialist advice: -1315 to -1314 ( DB Redford ), -1308 to -1307 ( AH Gardiner ), -1307 to -1306 ( D. Arnold , Kinnaer), -1306 to -1304 Hornung), -1304 to - 1303 (Parker), -1298 to -1296 ( AD Dodson ), -1293 to -1291 (Wente), -1292 to -1290 (Krauss, Helck, J. von Beckerath )
  2. His father and his son called Seti is to say, born of Seth.
  3. Quoted by Christiane Desroches Noble , in " Ramses II , the real story "- Editions Pygmalion - 1996
  4. see also: "The Father of Ramses I," JNES 37 Nos. (July 1978), pages 237-244, E. Cruz-Uribe, cited by Christiane Desroches Noblecourt (see above 1.)
  5. in a written astronomer Theon of Smyrna ( IV century )
  6. That's when he changed his name in Ramessu Pa-Ramses, the Pa is a sign of commoners.
  7. Notably a fragmentary statue discovered Medamud covering both titleholders and joint formulation which explicitly states that co-regency, which is now preserved in the Cairo Museum , and a fragmentary stele also kept at the Louvre
  8. Stela C57 of the Louvre museum recounting a donation to the temple of Ptah of the fortress Buden.

Sources

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Dynasty of high priests of Amun at Thebes, parallel to the twenty-first and XXII Dynasties
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XXXI Dynasty Persia
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See also kings of Napata kings of Meroe
Ancient Egypt
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