29 56 '04 "N 52 53' 29" E / 29.93444444, 52.89138889

History of Iran

Proto-Elamite civilization (3200 - 2 700 BC.) Elamite kingdom (2 700-539 BC.) Median kingdom (728-550 BC.) Achaemenid dynasty (648-330 BC.) Seleucid Empire (330-150 BC.) Parthian Empire (250 BC. - 226) Sassanid dynasty (226 - 650) Islamic conquest (637-651) Samanid dynasty (875 - 999) Ziyaride Dynasty (928 - 1043) Buyid Dynasty (934 - 1055) Ghaznavid Dynasty (963 - 1187) Seljuk Turkish Empire (1037 - 1194) Khorezmian Empire (1077 - 1231) Ilkhanate (1256 - 1353) Muzaffarids Dynasty (1314 - 1393) Timurid dynasty (1370 - 1506) Safavid dynasty (1501 - 1722/1736) Afghan Hotaki (1722-1729) Afsharid Dynasty (1736 - 1802) Zand dynasty (1750 - 1794) Qajar dynasty (1781 - 1925) Pahlavi dynasty (1925 - 1979) Iranian Revolution (1979) Provisional Government (1979-1980) Dem. Iran (1980 - present)

Persia (in ancient Greek / is the name metonymic ^Chronology

• ^Tenth century BC. AD : settlement of the Iranian plateau by the Aryans in the north and in Fars , by the Medes in the west.
• to -750 : Deioces founded the first kingdom Median, whose capital is Ecbatana.
• -612 : the Medes seize Nineveh , causing the fall of the Assyrian Empire.
• -552 : Persia became an independent kingdom under King Cyrus II.

The Persian Empire through time

• -550 : Cyrus II destroys the Median Empire and founded the Persian Empire, which extended to the entire Middle East , the Aegean to India , of Egypt to Afghanistan. Birth of Darius ^I , king of Persia. 486 BC. AD
• -522 : After the death of Cambyses , the Magian Gaumata usurps power by posing as the deceased, he was assassinated by generals led by Darius. Beginning of the reign of Darius I , king of Persia. (End in 486 BC.)
• -518 : The Royal Way of 2683 km is built through the Persian Empire.
• -490 : the Persians of King Darius fought by a coalition of Greeks at Marathon, is the most striking episode of the first Median war.
• -486 : Death of Darius ^I , king of Persia. Beginning of the reign of Xerxes , king of Persia. (End in 465 BC.)

Bull's head, Persepolis , ^fifth century BC. AD , Oriental Institute of Chicago , USA (Achaemenid Empire)

• -482 : To quell a revolt Babylonian against Persian rule, Xerxes is destroying temples of the city.
• -480 : In the second Median war the Greeks defeated the Persian navy at Salamis (Salamis). Over 1000 triremes participate in the battle.
• -479 : Athens refuses the offer advantageous to spend Persian side.
• -472 : In his play The Persians, Aeschylus presents to the public the Battle of Salamis Athenian view of the Persian side.
• -465 : Xerxes ^I is assassinated. His son Artaxerxes ^I. He was succeeded as king of Persia.
• -459 : After helping the rebels Egyptians against the Persian power, the Greeks are forced to flee and find refuge in an island in the delta of the Nile.
• -404 : Egypt becomes independent from Persia.
• -401 : The Persian king Artaxerxes II defeated and killed his brother Cyrus the Younger to Cunaxa.
• -396 : The king of Sparta, Agesilaus II defeated the satrap of Persian Tissaphernes.
• -386 : Sparta and Greece sign a treaty, the peace Antalcidas or King's peace, recognizing the rights of Persia Antaxerxs on Asia and Cyprus and the rights of Athens on the island of Skyros , of Imbros and Lemnos.
• -370 : The satraps of the Persian Empire fall in revolt against the central government, following the independence of Egypt -404.
• -338 : Deaths Antaxerxs, Persian king killed by his favorite eunuch.
• -333 : Alexander the Great defeated the Persian King Darius III Codomannus the battle of Issus.
• -331 : Alexander the Great defeated Persian King Darius III at the Battle of Gaugamela.
• -312 : Beginning of the reign of Seleucus ^I. , founder of the Seleucid dynasty of Persia. (End in 280 BC.)
• -115 : The Parthians , whose ancestors came from tribes to the east of the Caspian Sea , are the masters of Bactria (north of Afghanistan ), Persia and Mesopotamia.
• 211 : Ardashir becomes king of part of Persia.
• 224 : Persia is unified by Ardashir.
• 226 : Ardashir reverses Artaban V , last king of the Parthians and founded a new Persian dynasty, the Sasanian.
• 227 : Persia Annex while the Parthian Empire.

Abbas ^I and a young cupbearer

• 241 : Beginning of the reign of Shapur ^I. , king of Persia. (Ending in 272)
• 242 : Mani began to preach his religious doctrine in Persia.
• 259 : The Persian king Shapur ^I. captures the Emperor Valerian.
• 297 : Narses , the Sassanid king of Persia ousted King Tiridates IV of Armenia.
• 298 : The Persian king is Narses force to sign a treaty with Rome.
• 309 : Beginning of the reign of Shapur II , king of Persia (ending in 379)
• 332 : New collection of the doctrines of Zoroaster in Persia ( Avesta ).
• 337 : Beginning of the Persian war against Rome. (Ending in 350)
• 348 : Women were enrolled in Persia in an auxiliary army.
• 350 : The Huns invade Persia and India.
• 359 : Shapur II invaded Syria and took the Roman city of Amida after a hard battle.
• 363 : The Emperor Julian invaded Persia and defeated the Persians before the walls of their capital Ctesiphon.
• 390 : Theodosius ^I and King Shapur III of Persia signed a treaty to divide Armenia.
• 399 : Yazdegerd ascended the throne of Persia. It is tolerant toward Christianity and maintains good relations with the Romans.
• 422 : Theodosius II , Eastern Roman Emperor and King Bahram V of Persia sign a peace treaty.
• 430 : The Huns Hephtalites established in Central Asia , the Persian attack.
• 506 : After a cons-Roman offensive in Mesopotamia , peace is restored between the Eastern Empire and Persia.
• 516 : The Persian Mazdak defines the doctrine of Mazdak.
• 529 : The last school of philosophy in Europe, Athens , farm and migrate past masters of philosophy in Persia.
• 531 : The collectivist movement Mazdak is crushed in Persia. Beginning of the reign of Khosrow I , King of Persia. (Ending in 579)
• 532 : Byzantium pays Persia 3 548 kg of gold to strengthen the Caucasus.
• 561 : The Byzantine Emperor Justinian signed a new treaty with Khosrow ^I. , king of the Persians restoring the frontier between Persia and the Eastern Empire. The Byzantine Emperor Justinian agreed to pay an annual tribute to Persia. Persia, Byzantium guarantees 50 years of peace.
• 589 : The Persian king Khosrow I was introduced by a military revolt and fled to Constantinople to seek help.
• 590 : Beginning of the reign of Khosrow II , King of Persia. (Ending in 628)
• 591 : The Byzantine emperor Maurice restored to his throne the Persian king Khosrow II. In return, he receives significant territorial concessions. Peace is restored again between the two Byzantine and Persian empires.
• 600 : The windmills are used in Persia for irrigation.
• 627 : Heraclius , allied with the Khazars , comes before Nineveh and destroyed the Persian army.
• 632 : Start of reign of Yazdegerd III , the last Sassanid king of Persia. (Ending in 651)
• 632 : The Caliph Abu Bakr submits the Arab tribes revolted. It progresses to Syria and Persia in 634 end
• 637 : The Arabs destroy the Persian army at the battle of al-Qadisiyya.
• 900 : The windmills of Persia arrived in the Spanish Muslim.
• 975 : The Persian Muvaffak wrote a treatise on medicine.
• 1048 -1,131: Omar Khayyam
• 1055 : The nomadic Turkish Seljuk , Sunnis, who were already numerous in the armies of the Caliphate Abbasid seize Baghdad in 1055.
• 1094 : The sect of the Assassins religious Shiite is based in Persia.
• 1251 : Beginning of the conquest of Persia by Hulagu , grand son of Genghis Khan (late in 1265).
• 1447 : Fragmentation of the empire of Tamerlane (Timur Lenk), the India , Persia and Afghanistan are gaining their independence.
• 1502 : Ismail ^I. establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia. The Shiism became the state religion of Persia.
• 1571 : Birth of Abbas ^I the Great , shah of Persia ( 1629).
• 1585 : Start of the reign of Abbas ^I (completed in 1622).
• 1590 : Abbas ^I sign peace with the Turks.
• 1598 : Abbas ^I of Persia defeated the Uzbeks in Herat. It is of Isfahan the capital.
• 1623 : Abbas ^I took Baghdad from the Turks.
• 1629 : Death of Abbas ^I.
• 1709 : Afghans rise up against the Persian power and form an independent Afghan state.
• 1722 : Start of Afghan control over Persia.
• 1730 : Afghans are rejected out of Persia.
• 1736 : Start of reign of Nadir Shah , Shah of Persia, founder of Afshar dynasty, who extended the Persian influence in India. (Ending in 1747)
• 1737 : Beginning of the Persian occupation of Afghanistan. (Ending in 1747)
• 1794 : Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar dynasty founded (Kajar) that will rule Persia until 1925.
• 1811 : War between Persia and Russia , which won some victories in the Caucasus.
• 1826 : Start of the Russo-Persian 1826-1828 , Russia seized the Armenian provinces. end in 1828
• 1901 : A British company receives a grant of oil drilling for 60 years in Persia.
• 1934 : The name of Iran was officially relaunched in foreign correspondence.

References

See also

Bibliography

• Collective, From Mesopotamia to Persia, Encyclopdia Universalis and Grand Book of the Month, coll. "The great history of civilizations," 1999;
• Pierre Briant, History of the Persian Empire, Cyrus Alexander, 1996 Related articles
  • Achaemenid
  • Sassanid
  • Persian art
  • Persian cat

  Civilization Ancient
  Africa	Axum Carthage Egyptians Kush Nok Numidia
  America	See " Pre-Columbian civilization "(in this continent, the concept of antiquity extends until its discovery by Europeans).
  West Asia	Akkadian Armenian Assyrians Babylonians Israel / Jews Hittites "Ancient Persia" Elamites , Achaemenids , Parthian , Sassanid Phoenicians Scythians Sumerians
  Europe	Celtic Etruscan Germanic Greek Huns Italics Minoans Mycenaeans Romans
  Far East and India	Champs " Ancient China ": Shang , Zhou , Spring and Autumn Period , Warring States , Qin , Han , Three Kingdoms , Sixteen Kingdoms Funan Indus
  Category "Civilization" Category "Ancient" Portal of the ancient world Portal archeology

  • Iran portal
  • Portal of the Ancient Near East

Leave a Reply

Frequently Asked Questions