Pediment Architecture
The pediment is an ornament of architecture.
Summary |
Definitions
The pediment is a culmination of a compound molded frame and a tympanum
- the eardrum may be more or less perforated, occupy only part of the area enclosed by the frame, or be reduced to a network;
- the frame is formed from a ledge and two crawling (creeping ledges). Generally have the same creepy as the cornice molding, without chair rail. The base can be interrupted, but we must not confuse the front (which has a molded base horizontal) and cornices or bolster semicircular (covering ears not bounded below).
Triangular pediment is theoretically, though there are arched pediments, polygonal, etc..
Plot theoretical
The theoretical trace tympani creates an ideal proportion between its height and its greatest width. This ratio is 5 / 24 (roughly 1 / 5). The pediment is "low profile" when this ratio is less than or equal to 4 / 24 (or 1 / 6), it is "stilted" when this ratio is greater than or equal to 6 / 24 (or 1 / 4).
Some types of pediments
- Pediment polygonal
- Pediment topped by a polygonal body moldings, if the number of sides is odd, the middle level will be called "upper cornice.
- Fronton updates
- Pediment whose eardrum is perforated by one day.
- Arched pediment
- Pediment whose crawling are drawn in the same arc. For the semicircular pediment, this arc is a semicircle.
- Pediment
- Pediment whose crawling are stopped before the summit, the eardrum is cut. The central part of the pediment is usually replaced by a pattern of depreciation (vase, jar-with-fire, bust, etc.).
- Scalloped pediment
- Pediment whose crawling are cut. Unlike the pediment pediment notched retains its roof.
- Double pediment
- Pediment inscribed with two frames molded into one another. They have the inside out: double pediment formed of a first triangular pediment and a second arched pediment (see illustration).
- Pediment without return
- The pediment-free return is a pediment with a queue without jumps cornice to crown a larger body.
- Scrolled pediment
- Pediment are crawling with a scroll in one or both ends.
Locations
The pediment can cover a gable , then it is embodied by its molded frame.
It can be placed above the entrance to a building, a bay, a door, window.
History
The pediment is one of the characteristic parts of the architecture religious Greek.
The Romans are going to greatly expand the use, using it to decorate doors and windows.
The Middle Ages prefers the gable.
The pediment back in use with the Renaissance.
Andrea Palladio extends its use for housing (see the Palladian villas ).
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