Pamplona
The town hall, the Plaza Consistorial
Flag	Blazon
Geolocation on the map: Navarre Geolocation on the map: Spain
General Information
Local name	- Pamplona (ES) - Iruea or Irua (eu) - Formally: Pamplona-Irun
Status	Municipio
Country	Spain
Comunidad	Navarre
Province	Navarre
County	Cuenca de Pamplona
District Serbian justice.	Pamplona
Postcode	31.001
Demonym	- Pamplona / esa, pamplonica, Irun / esa (es) - Iruintarra, iruinsheme (eu) - Pamplona / e (en)
Geographic Data
Contact	42 49 '00 "North 1 39 '00 "West / 42.816667, -1.65
Area	25.098 km 2
Altitude Avg.	444 m
Distance (s)	Pamplona is 390 km from Madrid.
Population ( INE ) - Total: - Density : - Year:	197 275 inhabitants. 7758 inhabitants / km 2 2008
River (s)	The Arga
Politics
Mayor - party - Mandate	Mara Yolanda Barcina Angulo UPN 2007 - 2011
Budget - Amount: - Year:	290 954 456 2007
Website	http://www.pamplona.es
Culture
Patron saint	Saint Saturnin (November 29)
change

Pamplona (in Castilian : in Basque : or is a town and municipality in the Spanish capital, the community of Navarra at 440 m altitude. It has a population of 193,328 inhabitants and is the principal city of a metropolitan area of more than 350 000 inhabitants.

Summary 1 Geography 2 Demography 3 History 4 Economy 5 Culture 5.1 The pilgrimage of St Jacques de Compostela 5.1.1 The miracle of the donkey 6 Monuments 6.1 Religious buildings 6.2 Civil Buildings 7 Personalities 8 Sports 9 Festivities 9.1 Sanfermines 10 Twinning 11 Internal Links 12 References 13 External Links

/ / Geography

Pamplona is located in the region of Navarra , in northern Spain.

Demographics

Demographic Trends

1991	1996	2001	2004	2005
180 372	166 279	183 964	191 865	193 328

Demographic Trends
1996	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007
166 279	171 150	180 483	182 666	186 245	189 364	190 937	191 865	193 238	195 769	194 894
Sources: Pamplona and Instituto de Estadstica de Navarra

History

Of Roman origin, Pompaelo was founded around 75 BC. BC by Pompey, who gave it its name. It was occupied by the Visigoths in 476. In ^the eighth century , the Moors occupied the city. They are driven by 778 troops with the help of Charlemagne, who took advantage of the weakness of its allies to dismantle their walls. In revenge, the Navarrese contribute to the crash of the rear guard of the imperial armies to pass of Roncesvalles at the Battle of Roncesvalles. The kingdom of Pamplona , established in 905 , was the nucleus from that of Navarre.

Under Alfonso VII (1126-1157), Francos settled in the town of San Cernin. Another village frank, San Nicolas, was created in the late ^twelfth century.

Throughout the Middle Ages , the life of the city was disturbed by strife between the inhabitants of the old neighborhood, Navarrera, supporters of the alliance with Castile , and francos suburbs of San Nicols and San Cernin, friendly maintenance of the crown under a dynasty of French Navarre, each protected by walls. These conflicts do not put a brake on development generated by the passage of pilgrims.

These struggles will end in 1423 with the privilege del Fuero (charter) or Union promulgated by Charles III the Noble. The three municipalities are based one and then in Pamplona at its peak.

The city was taken by the troops of Ferdinand the Catholic to John III d'Albret, 25 July 1512 . His son took over the city 19 May 1521 (See siege of Pamplona ), but his commander in chief Andre de Foix was defeated in battle Noain. In 1571 , during the reign of Philip II began the construction of the citadel. In the ^sixteenth century , the walls surrounded the city and the pilgrims were entering the chamber through the gate of France, near the Cathedral Sainte-Marie. It was taken by the French in 1808.

For some supporters of Basque nationalism , Pamplona is the historical capital of Euskal Herria (literally the "land of Euskera" or more commonly the " Basque Country "in the broad sense).

Economy

Pamplona has an airport ( IATA : NAP ). The largest employer in the city is the assembly plant of the group Volkswagen.

Culture

The Pilgrimage of St Jacques de Compostela

Pamplona is situated on the Camino Navarro 's Pilgrimage to Saint Jacques de Compostela , between Villava and Cizur Menor. This is the second step after the Pilgrim's Guide to Aymeric Picaud. The pilgrim in Pamplona enjoyed special protection by the privilege of the Union. In the streets of Dormitalera at No. 13 and No. 3 in Compaa there hospices for pilgrims. In the sixteenth ^century they built a general hospital, now the Museum of Navarre.

The miracle of the donkey

This is the sixth miracle miraculi De sancti Jacobi. In 1100 , a French pilgrim of Poitiers arrives in Pamplona with his family. They stop in this city to rest and recuperate.

They are housed in a "hostel". The wife of Peregrine fell ill and must stay longer than was expected, until finally she died. The innkeeper, seeing that his host might leave, calling him a large sum of money, arguing that the stay was long. Not having enough money to pay, the pilgrim leaves him his horse and set off again with her two infant son. Along the way he stops to pray to St. Jacques and ask for help.

Just outside Pamplona, a venerable person is approached and lends him a donkey to help him on his journey. When they finally arrived in Santiago, the pilgrim had a vision of the Apostle in that he recognized the venerable person of Pamplona. Back in Pamplona, took news of the innkeeper and learned he had died in an accident. People from the hostel declared he had had a divine punishment because of his lack of charity towards the pilgrims.

Monuments

Religious buildings

The city has several churches, including:

• the Cathedral of Santa Maria de Pamplona ;
• the church of Saint-Nicolas ;
• the church of San Saturnino (or San Cernn or San Sernin) the name of the evangelist of the city. She keeps a tradition of pilgrimage to Santiago. In the heart of an old neighborhood with narrow streets, this building combines the styles composite novel (brick towers) and Gothic (porch and arches of the XIII ^century ) with many later additions. It has an appearance of a fortress flanked by strong towers.

Civil Buildings

• The town hall (Ayuntamiento) has a Baroque facade of the late ^seventeenth century , which was rebuilt with statues, balustrades and pediments;
• The Museum of Navarre is high at the site of a hospital in the ^sixteenth century , which he kept the door Renaissance. The Roman era is represented by vestiges lapidary: headstones, inscriptions, and mosaic pavements from "villas" of the ^second century and ^fourth century. Romanesque art is featured with the capitals of the twelfth ^century the old cathedral of Pamplona: the unknown artist who sculpted the three capitals of biblical scenes set in the middle of the room - Passion and Resurrection Story of Job - is also shows in meticulous detail as powerful in the composition in the invention and genius. Gothic and Renaissance painting. The first three rooms recreate the interior of the palace decorated with painted panels Oriz grisaille of the sixteenth ^century, tells the story of Adam and Eve and the wars of Charles Quint. The following rooms exhibit many fragments of wall paintings from across the province: Artalz (XIII ^century), and Pamplona Artajona ^(XIII - XIV ^century), Gallipienzo ^(XIV - XV ^century), Dilate (XV ^century ). If various kinds appear, we find the line lightly pressed, the accumulation of characters, hip pronounced legacy of miniature French and illustrated by Juan Oliver, who in 1330 decorated the dining hall of the cathedral (Room 24). Among the leaders ie work exhibited in the museum include the Hispano-Arab ivory from Cordoba early ^eleventh century, and the portrait of the Marquis de San Adrian painted by Goya. Coming out, see, in the courtyard, the great mosaic of the Villa Lidena ^the second century;
• the Chambre des Comptes de Navarre ;
• the Palais des Rois de Navarre ;
• the Bishop's Palace ;
• the Theatre Gayarre.

Personalities

• Pascual Madoz , born in Pamplona May 17, 1806 and died in Genoa Dec. 15, 1870, is a politician and a Spanish writer whose work is exemplary that the sum represents a geographical dictionary published in Spain in the ^{mid-nineteenth} century.
• Pablo de Sarasate (1844, Pamplona - 1908, Biarritz ), violinist.
• Sabicas (1912-1990), Flamenco guitarist.
• Ignacio Coyne , Spanish photographer and filmmaker, born in Pamplona in 1872.
• Marta Coronado , dancer born in Pamplona in 1973.

Sports

• Osasuna , club football playing in the Liga.
• Portland San Antonio club, handball playing in the Liga Asobal

Festivities

Sanfermines

From 6 to July 14 , the feast of Saint-Firmin give rise to noisy popular festivities. An atmosphere of jubilation reigns in the city that saw double the number of its inhabitants. Many attractions are offered to tourists and Navarre: concert folk music, jazz , of txistu (Basque flute with three holes), dances , procession of the statue of St. Firmin, etc..

Great racing bulls are organized event but the most spectacular and most popular of Pamplonicas remains the bull run that takes place every morning at 8 am The bulls who fight the same night are released into the streets following a route, along 800 m, which leads to the arenas in minutes. Young men dressed in white scarf and belt and red jackets of different colors are going to meet all of the powerful bull rushing horns forward, and start running before them.

There is a light version of this festival called San Fermin txiki. The date is set around the Sept. 25, and is devoid of tourists, but also bulls.