Message
A message is a set of signs. It implies a coding by the issuer , and decoding by the receiver (hence the need for a common code). The information theory was developed to mathematically determine the rate of information transmitted in the communication of a message by a communication channel , particularly in the presence of parasites called noise. It was taken over by Roman Jakobson in support of linguistic theory.
Summary |
Early work on the concept of information of Claude Shannon , Ralph Hartley , Warren Weaver , Harold Lasswell , Werner Meyer-Eppler ,..., helped better understand the systems of structuring a message: they have led many Research on how information processing and hence a concept directly related to the computer. They even joined the sphere of major paradigmatic theories that were used to explain the universe. The message is to say, the element of any communication, should be considered for its container (the signal) but for its content (information). Information is the prior measure of the originality of a situation likely or unlikely character of a particular event.
As this information is quantified by calculations of probability theory was found to converge dramatically mathematical formalisms already used in the fundamental equations of thermodynamics (the information then being treated as a form of organization). Abraham Moles proposed statistical applications of information theory to music.
In the linguistic theory
In communication, the message can be verbal or paraverbal, that is to say, linguistic, semiotic as it may be so.
A message is called "verbal" when done in a symbolic written or oral, involving a concise and common standards (a language or a language more generally) beyond it. This includes writing, sign language, voice ... The art of conceptualizing this message in a language to minimize interference is called rhetoric. It is "nonverbal" when it is based on the implicit understanding (often cultural) gestures, color, or odor, not conceptualized by language, the formalism above. In all these situations, transmitter and receiver must share the same code, so that the message is understandable.
Verbal communication for example, it is obvious that both sides of a conversation must speak the same language: the language is primarily a code treaty between members of a community.
Paraverbal communication, also called the kinetic, expressed from signs of expression made by the hands, face or body in general. Again, communication presupposes the existence of a code shared between the parties. This code is conventional (as well as verbal language) and continues on from one culture to another.
Language statements can be divided into various classifications according to their propensity to deliver information, and depending on the level of articulation of speech they chafaudent. The message language is used to express ideas (present or absent). This ability to connect the sign, word, concept and thing or idea into meaningful representations of arbitrary and abstract in this case is purely human and exists nowhere else in the animal world.
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