Mayapan
20 37'46 "N 89 27'38" W / 20.62944, -89.46056 Mayapan (in Spanish Mayapn) is a website Mayan pre-Columbian, which is located in the Yucatan , in Mexico , some 40 km southeast of Merida and 100 km west of Chichen Itza. Based from 1050, Mayapan was the political capital of the Maya in the Yucatan Peninsula in the late 1220s into the 1440s.
In 1221 , the Maya revolted against the Maya-Toltec lords of Chichen Itza. After a short civil war, the lords of several major cities and families gather to restore central authority in the Yucatan. It was then decided to build a new capital near the town of Techaquillo , City Hunac Ceel , the general who defeated the directors of Chichen Itza. This new town is built within a defensive wall and is called "Mayapan," which means "banner of the Maya people." The head of the family Cocom , a rich and ancient family who took part in the revolt against Chichen, is chosen as king but every noble family and the local lord sends family members to Mayapan to join the government. This arrangement will last over 200 years. Another version is given a column in Maya of the colonial period that would be contemporary Mayapan of Chichen and Uxmal , and it would ally with them, but archaeological excavations give this version as less likely. In 1441 Ah Xupan of a powerful noble family of Xiu resentful towards Cocom leaders and organized a revolt. This results in the death of most family members Cocom Mayapan is looted, burned and abandoned. Yucatan falls into a period of war between city-states.
Today, the site of Mayapan is far from one site Maya 's most impressive. This is partly due to the fact that at the end of the revolt, all the buildings and their foundations were burnt and destroyed. However, Mayapan never reached the level of architectural Chichen Itza or Uxmal. A central pyramid is a smaller version of the " Castillo "in Chichen Itza , there were also some temples of moderate size and a palace (which exist only foundations). In addition, Mayapan had a reduced public architecture. Most of the 400 sq km of the walled city were occupied by some 3,500 residential buildings. We think Mayapan housed between 11,000 and 15,000 people.
Five years of archaeological excavations on the site Mayapan were conducted by the Carnegie Institution "in the 50s. In 2001, new excavations were started under the "Grinnell College.
See also
Related articles
External Links
- (En) The Maya civilization
- (En) The history of Maya
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