 Functions Jackals and wild dogs roamed the desolate stretches where were the cemeteries. It is probably for protection from these marauders who did not hesitate to dig up the corpses, that from the start of the pharaonic era, the Egyptians deified these animals to attract their good graces. The various functions of Anubis are found in the four adjectives that are usually associated: - Tpy-Djouf, "He who is perched on the mountain";
- Khenty-seh-netjer, "President of the divine pavilion (where embalming takes place);
- Imy-out "whoever is the strip;
- Neb-ta-Djoser, "Lord of the Necropolis.
From the Old Kingdom , Anubis presided over the ceremony of embalming and the opening of the eyes and mouth, thus repeating the miracle he had done for Osiris. From the Fifth Dynasty , it was superseded by Osiris in this task and became the assistant. During embalming, the head priest embalmers (the sshta-Hery, "Higher Mysteries") wore a mask bearing the image of Anubis. On the walls of the first mastaba , was to him, not even to Osiris, the deceased addressed his prayers for the survival of his body after death. Indeed, from the beginning of worship, it is both the guardian and guide of the deceased. Thus, one often finds at the entrance of the tombs, two Anubis canine form of elongated face to face, acting as a barrier against the evil forces trying to disturb the eternal repose of the deceased. In the text of the pyramids, it is the guide who led the deceased through the underworld to the room of the two Maat , the divine present in court and ensures the smooth running of the weighing of the heart (the psychostasy ). Also ruler of the dead, it quickly supplanted in that role by Osiris who assimilate slowly most of the important prerogatives and ended up making a god of second place. He becomes the guardian of the gates of the kingdom of the dead and sees himself sometimes represented with a key hand in its anthropomorphic or attached to a collar on his dog form. It remains a dominant funerary god and treats other related canine deities such as the funerary cult Wepwawet and Khentamentiou and the gods Ha , Amenti and Seker. The consort is the goddess of Anubis Anupet (Inpout or Anepout in Egyptian) Goddess of canine funeral and the desert. Myth His ancestry is unclear, sometimes we actually the fourth son of Ra , the son of Bastet or Hesat , illegitimate son of Osiris and Nephthys , or at a later period, that of Osiris and ' Isis. The most common tradition, narrated in the myth of Osiris, which is actually the result of illegitimate relations between Osiris and his sister Nephthys (wife of Seth ). The latter, fearing the wrath of her husband, her children hid in the marshes. Although she knows her husband's infidelity, Isis (Osiris' wife) took the child, raised him and made him one of his most faithful allies. After Seth had killed Osiris and scattered his remains, Anubis helped Isis and Nephthys to rebuild his body and presided at the first mummification. According to the papyrus Jumilhac (VI, 6-7), Anubis took its name from his mother Isis. We learn that his name "was pronounced with respect to wind, water and desert," These three words are the symbolic representations of the three hieroglyphs that make up the root of the name of Anubis, inp. | hiero. | Trans. | symbol | meaning |
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| Broadcast of worship Anubis is the patron god of the city that the Greeks called Cynopolis "city of dogs" (in Egyptian Henou) in the seventeenth nome of Upper Egypt, where they found the only known temple dedicated to him. However, many chapels devoted to it especially in temples millions of years. From the Old Kingdom until the end of ancient Egypt, his cult is present in all major regions of the country. The Greeks of the Ptolemaic period sometimes likened to the god Anubis Hermes who formed a new entity known to Hermanubis. Representation There are two distinct representations of the god Anubis: one form of elongated canine and the other as a man-headed canine. In both cases, the canine is part black, color symbol of rebirth for the ancient Egyptians (this was indeed the color of the silt deposited by flooding of the Nile and allowed the land to be fertile). Representation canine In this representation, Anubis has the shape of a black canid with long pointed ears and a tail drooping. He is usually seated on a small shrine , a funeral chapel or miniature shrine symbolizing the tomb on which he watches. Anthropomorphic Representation In this representation, Anubis has the shape of a man in red (skin color in Egyptian art) in toga and with a head of canine black with long ears. He has an arm along the body whose hand is the sign of life, the Cross Ankh , and an arm in front carrying a scepter. Note - Ch Jacq
- a and b Identification of the animal represented is being debated, but it could be a wild dog or jackal.
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