Amphictyony
A amphictyony means a religious gathering.
The word comes from the word Greek / Amphiktyons, literally "those who are neighbors." According to Greek mythology , the term was rather to Amphictyon , son of Deucalion and Pyrrha , the founder of amphictyony Delphi, and brother of Hellen , the ancestor namesake of the Greeks.
These associations were intended to ensure the celebration of festivals and to prevent any hostility. Each of the neighboring states of the temple was sending its members.
Amphictyony the most famous were:
- those of Argos , near the temple of Hera ,
- of Thermopylae , near the temple of Ceres ,
- of Delphi , near the famous oracle of Apollo.
In the following, the latter two were blended and formed the Council Amphictyons Delphi.
Summary |
Council Amphictyons Delphi
Initially established to Thermopylae , the amphictyony moved to Delphi , the Temple of Apollo where the oracle was located.
The purpose of this meeting was to discuss the affairs of Greece, to prevent wars, to try all sorts of causes, mostly attacks against people's rights and the sanctity of the temple of Delphi. If nations condemned by a decree of Amphictyons did not obey, the meeting was entitled to arm the people rebel against any confederation and to exclude Amphictyonic League. The Council of Amphictyons did undertake several holy wars. One of them provides for Philip II of Macedonia the opportunity to enter the Council and to intervene in the affairs of Greece.
Jewish Amphictyony
From the Greek amphictyony, Martin North postulates the existence of a similar confederation of twelve tribes. But there was a common sanctuary, which has gradually built a praxis and a pan-Israelite tradition. Very difficult to demonstrate, this theory has now been abandoned by most historians and Old Testament Israel.
Sources
- For the Greek amphictyony: Marie-Nicolas Bouillet and Alexis Chassang (ed.), "Amphictyony" in Universal Dictionary of History and Geography, 1878 See also
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