Almeria
| Almera | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Almera | |
 |  |
| Flag | Blazon |
 | |
| General Information | |
| Status | Municipio |
| Country |  Spain |
| Comunidad |  Andalusia |
| Province |  Almera |
| County | Metropolitan county of Almera |
| District Serbian justice. | Almera |
| Postcode | 04001-04009 |
| Demonym | Almeria, urcitano / a |
| Geographic Data | |
| Contact | 36 50 '00 "North 2 27 '00 "West / 36.833333, -2.450000 |
| Area | 296.21 km 2 |
| Altitude Avg. | 23 m |
| Distance (s) | Almeria is 563 km to Madrid. |
| Population ( INE ) - Total: - Density : - Year: | 188 810 inhabitants. 625.60 inhabitants / km 2 2009 |
| River (s) | The Andarax |
| Bordered by | the Mediterranean Sea |
| Politics | |
| Mayor - party - Mandate | LR Rodrguez Comendador PP 2007 - 2011 |
| Website | www.aytoalmeria.es |
| Culture | |
| Patron saint | San Indalecio |
change  | |
Almeria is a city of Spain , capital of the province of Almeria in Andalusia. Port on the Mediterranean Sea , it has nearly 189,000 inhabitants (2009) .
At thirty kilometers to the west, spread 25 000 ha of greenhouses plastic.
Culturally, the city is famous for the Alcazaba , the Cargadero of Mineral (also known as Ingls Cable), the cathedral and the archaeological museum. Greenhouse crops (Invernaderos), construction and tourism are the main activities of the city. In 2005 it hosted the Mediterranean Games , giving the city beautiful and necessary sports facilities such as El Estadio del Mediterrneo and Villa Mediterranea El Toyo.
The city has an international airport.
The island of Alboran belongs administratively to the municipality, specifically the neighborhood Pescadera.
Summary |
Geography
Climate
The city of Almeria is the European city that knows the sunniest with 2,965 hours per year, and the second globally. The average annual temperature is 18 7 C and that of its waters in the winter is warmer than the air.
| months | January | February | March | April | May | jul. | jul. | Aug. | September | October | November | December | year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average minimum temperature ( C ) | 8,2 | 8,8 | 10,1 | 11,9 | 14,6 | 18,2 | 21,1 | 22,0 | 19,6 | 15,7 | 12,0 | 9,4 | 14,3 |
| Average maximum temperature ( C) | 16,9 | 17,7 | 19,2 | 21,0 | 23,6 | 27,3 | 30,3 | 30,7 | 28,3 | 24,3 | 20,4 | 17,0 | 23,1 |
| Rainfall ( mm ) | 23 | 21 | 15 | 20 | 14 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 28 | 28 | 23 | 196 |
| Number of days with rain | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
History
The cave paintings and other artifacts discovered in the caves of Nerja , now famous throughout the archaeological world as the "prehistoric cathedral", show that the region has been inhabited since early Neolithic (6000 BC) .
A city seems to exist in antiquity, founded by the Carthaginians. Scipio Africanus takes it and renamed it Portus Magnus. The city was then occupied by the Vandals , the Visigoths , the Byzantines , again by the Visigoths and then by the Arabs , who called Al-Mariyat (The Mirror of the Sea). The Caliph Umayyad Abd al-Rahman III built a fortress there, the Alcazaba , in 955. The town prospered thanks to its port, an important commercial relationship with Africa.
In 858 , the city was sacked by the head Viking Hasting . It then passes in the Mediterranean, which he plundered the coasts in two years wintering in Camargue. When he returns to Gibraltar in 860 , a Muslim fleet battle but failed to stop it.
After the fall of the Umayyads of al-Andalus ( Umayyads of Cordoba ), the city became the seat of a kingdom Taifa , which was then conquered by the Kingdom Taifa of Murcia , then by the Almoravids. The city was conquered in 1147 by Alfonso VII , King of Castile. This phase will begin occupying Christian economic decline. Regained a decade later by the Almohad , it will be integrated into the kingdom of Granada a century later. The Catholic Monarchs conquered it in 1489 , and commercial port with Africa, it becomes a coastal city threatened by the Barbary pirates, and neglected by the trade, from America, now goes through Seville.
The sixteenth century was marked by the earthquake of 1522 , and several revolts Moors , harshly repressed.
The city was bombed in 1939 by the German fleet during the last battles of the Spanish Civil War. She has found prosperity through tourism, and agriculture under greenhouses.
Almera indulged his name to a province formed the eastern part of the kingdom of Granada , whose major cities are Roquetas , Garrucha , Carboneras , San Jose and Mojcar.
Currency
- MUY NOBLE Y MUY LEAL POR LA LIBERTAD DECIDIDA, CIUDAD DE ALMERIA.
Very noble, very loyal friend and Liberty city of Almeria.
Economy
The city is home to a factory manufacturing tires of the French group Michelin.
Films
Dozens of series, documentaries, films and westerns (the spaghetti westerns ) that made him famous around the world have been shot in the desert near Tabernas because of its similarities to North American deserts like Wild West American West, northern Africa, the Arabian deserts, and its lunar landscapes, who served from 1950 and still serves today.
Monuments
- Alcazaba de Almera: Built by Rahman III , it is a Moorish fortress with three speakers. The first was a military zone and served as a refuge for the population in case of siege, the second host to the facilities of the palace and the third was commissioned by the Catholic Monarchs after the Christian conquest.
- Calle de la Almedina: Street very important during the Muslim period, it was the beginning of the road from the village of Pechina to the door of the same name in the city (Puerta de Purchena today), the main entrance of the city.
- Wall Jayrn and Cerro San Cristbal: From the Alcazaba, it descends to the north through the Barranco de la Hoya, this line of wall coming up the hill of San Cristobal. On this hill are the remains of a castle-fortress Christian.
- Aljibes (tanks) or Arab Jayrn : They were built on the orders of the king in the eleventh century. They served for the public water supply of the city and they are divided into three naves.
- Wall Caliphate: it is located at the corner of Calle Atarazanas with Nicols Salmern Park. It dates from the time of the founding of the city (tenth century). Its function was to close the antique district of Medina.
- Calle de Las Tiendas: Muslim street typical and unique of the city, which leads to the path of Pechina, located in the historic center. She was one of the commercial areas (especially silk) during the Muslim presence.
- Church of San Juan Evangelista: It was built in the early seventeenth century on a parcel of land occupied by the former Great Mosque, ruined by the earthquake of 1522. His interest lies in the fact that it keeps the remains of the wall of the qibla wall and mihrab , decorated Almohad the twelfth century.
- Cathedral of Almeria: The decision of its construction was taken in 1524] by the bishop fundateur Fray Diego Fernandez de Villaln. Both portals, style Renaissance , are the work of Juan de Orea and were built between 1550 and 1573]. The interior design style is late Gothic. The building has special characteristics, as well as being a place of worship, it was intended for defense against Almeria continuing attacks from Barbary pirates. it's actually a cathedral-fortress.
- Antique Hospital Santa Mara Magdalena: It dates from the sixteenth century. It has a beautiful patio and the main door shows a taste of transition between Baroque and Neoclassicism of the eighteenth century.
- Church and Convent of Las Puras: Founded in 1515 by Don Gutierrez de Cardenas, who founded a convent of Santa Clara, although his widow changed the convent Clara Puras. The tiny door and the tower of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
- Convento de las Claras: Founded by Don Jeronimo Briceo and his wife in 1590], the end of construction in 1756. He suffered the effects of secularization of religious property and the Civil War. It has two gates, the main houses the statue of Santa Clara.
- Sanctuary of the Virgen el Mar: building founded by the Dominican Fathers in the fifteenth century. The church underwent major changes after the secularization of religious property. There is a statue of the Virgen del Mar, de'Almera boss.
- Church of San Pedro: It was built in the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century. In its place was formerly the Convent of the Franciscans. Neoclassical style, its main facade has twin towers with triangular pediments.
- Church of Santiago: designed by Juan de Orea, founded by Bishop Villaln between 1553 and 1559. Worth mentioning is the Renaissance portal with a bas-relief of St. Jacques Matamoros.
- Church of San Sebastian: It dates from the seventeenth century. Interesting is the high-relief in marble of the main facade which is depicted the martyrdom of the saint.
- Plaza de la Constitucin: it was the bazaar during the Muslim period, turned up in the nineteenth century. There is the Ayuntamiento (town hall) of the city, built at the end of this century, as the project architect almeriense Trinidad Cuartara Casinello ; there is also the monument to Los Coloraos.
- Monument to the Martyrs of Liberty: Located in the center of the Plaza Vieja, it is traditionally known as Monument los Coloraos or Pingurucho. It is a marble pillar Macael commemorating the twenty-four people who arrived in Almera with red handkerchiefs (hence the Coloraos) to proclaim liberty against absolutism of Ferdinand VII, and their intentions failed and that they were arrested and shot.
- Bendicho Plaza and Casa de Los Puche: it was a favorite of the aristocracy of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. La Casa de Los Puche, name of a noble family in the city, when the eighteenth century. Neoclassical character, it has two floors that develop around a central courtyard.
- Casa de los Marqueses Torre Alta: Located on another site typical of the city (of Careaga), only the facade is kept, in neoclassical style.
- Palace of the Marquis de Cabra: It is the eighteenth century. Classical and monumental building in the historic center. This is the current headquarters of the Municipal Archive.
- Palace of the Viscounts Almansa Castle: Built between 1773 and 1780, he had two monumental gates giving in different streets, one of them serves as an entrance for cars. It is the headquarters of the Archivo Histrico Provincial.
- Puerta de Purchena and Paseo de Almera: The name of Purchena is because around this place was the ancient Puerta Pechina, but the name was changed in error by Christians. All the planning of the current y el Paseo Plaza is the work of enlargement is in the middle of the nineteenth century, hence its interesting taste and style bourgeois character afrancesado. This is the nerve center of the city and this is now focusing the business and banking province. In this place there are residences typical bourgeois architecture of that period as is the case of the People illustrious Almera
- Ibn Luyun , poet and agronomist Andalusian
- Nicols Salmern , president of the first brief Spanish republic in the 19th century, for a few weeks. He resigned for failing to sign a death sentence. Throughout his political career he fought for the abolition of the death penalty.
Sport
References in Almera
- Famous piano piece of Isaac Albeniz inspired by this city, in the book "Iberia" (1905-1908).
- In the song "Initials BB" by Serge Gainsbourg, heroin pronounce this word: "Almeria".
Twinning
Internal Links
Notes
- (Es) This article is partially or entirely from the article in Spanish entitled " Almeria "(see the list of authors )
- (es) INE , Poblaciones referidas al 1 de enero 2009 por sexo y provincia capitals. Retrieved October 28, 2010.
- The region of Westerns , 1973, an archive of TSR
- El sustrato neolitico in the cuenca de Vera (Almeria) (Substrate Neolithic Basin Vera - Almeria). By Fernandez-Miranda, MD Fernandez-Posse, A. Gilman and C. Martin. Ed Universidad Complutense, Prehistory Department, Madrid, Spain. In the Trabajos Prehistoria, 1993, vol. 50, pp. 57-85 (1 p.1 / 4). (Summary in English, Spanish text). ISSN 0082-5638.
- Michel DILLANGE, The Counts of Poitou Duke of Aquitaine (778-1204), Geste editions, coll. "The Nativity", 1995, 304 p. ( ISBN 978-2-910919-09-2 ), p. 57 -58 .
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