This page is for year 1951 of the Gregorian calendar .

Events

January 9 : The local headquarters of the UN are inaugurated in New York.

Africa

• 5 - January 25 , Morocco : Crisis between Sultan Mohammed V ibn Yusuf and General Juin.
• February 8 : Franco-Tunisian Agreements. Decrees initiating the end of direct rule by France in Tunisia.
• February 12 : Release of Kwame Nkrumah. The Popular Congress Party ( Convention People's Party ) of Kwame Nkrumah triumph in elections in Accra. It calls for the Gold Coast the status of dominion within the Commonwealth.
• 4 - July 8 : First Pan-African Student Congress : Bantu Authorities Act. Dr. Verwoerd , Minister of Tribal Affairs of South Africa , imagine the formation of Bantustans in the territory where South African blacks are gathered from different ethnic groups. Destined to become "independent", they must grant their citizenship to members of their ethnic group and those who settled in the white area, their affiliations.
• August 28 : Gen. William replaces General Juin as Resident General in Morocco.
• Dec. 24 : Independence of Libya , who became an independent monarchy.

• New constitutions in Nigeria (Macpherson constitution) and Sierra Leone.
• Electoral reform extending the right to vote in the French colonies.
• Memorandum from the Kenya African Union.
• Foundation of the University Lovanium first Congolese university in Leopoldville in the Belgian Congo ( DRC ). It was inaugurated in 1954.
• Created in Portugal Centro Estudos Africanos back.
• 367,000 Indians in South Africa.

America

April 5 : condemnation of the Rosenbergs

• January : The restoration of government controls can curb inflation in the United States.
• January 26 , USA : Senator Joseph McCarthy was named chairman of the Senate Committee of Inquiry on Un-American Activities that he uses as a platform for propaganda. He is reigning over the bureaucracy an intolerable atmosphere of terror and betrayal. The Administration accepts extraordinarily stringent criteria for the definition of "security risks" ( April ). It casts doubt on itself by being forced to fire employees previously bleached.
• February 27 : ^22nd Amendment, limiting the number of presidential terms to two in the United States.
• March 15 : Jacobo Arbenz Guzman becomes president of Guatemala (concluded in 1954 ). Arbenz proposed to convert Guatemala into a modern country and capitalism, but independently and with the support of the masses. It carries out agrarian reforms that redistribute land, adversely affecting the interests of large groups, especially the United Fruit Company.
• April 5 , United States : Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are sentenced to death for espionage. They were accused of having delivered atomic secrets to the USSR. They will be delivered in June 1953. International campaign of protest in favor of Rosenberg (1951-1953).
• April 11 : Douglas MacArthur , who has launched a public campaign against the White House , was dismissed. He is greeted triumphantly by the American public.
• May 16 : The military refused to recognize the election victory of the Nationalist Revolutionary Movement of Vctor Paz Estenssoro in Bolivia.
• May : The five Central American countries are, at the invitation of the ECLAC , an Economic Cooperation Committee (CEC)
• October 14 : The five Central American countries signed the Charter of San Salvador giving birth to the Organization of Central American States ( OCAS ).
• November 11 : Re-election of Juan Pern in Argentina. His policy is less populist and nationalist, economic status no longer allows its redistributive largesse.

• Agreements between Mexico and the United States providing for the legal entry of a defined annual number of seasonal workers from Mexico to the United States. A million Mexicans illegally cross the border during the postwar period.

Oceania and Pacific

• September ¹ : Creation of the ANZUS Treaty, military security agreement between Australia, the United States and New Zealand
• November 26 : Creation of a national legislative council Papua New Guinea .

Asia

• 13 - January 17 , Indochina War : Battle of Vinh Yen. French offensive victorious under the command of General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny.
• February : The Burmese military government pushes the People's Army whose divisions scattered.
• 23 - March 28 : French victory over the Viet Minh at the Battle of Mao Khe.
• May 29 - June 20 : Battle of the Day. Start the stagnation of France in the Indochina War .
• May - July : complete failure of attempts by the Kuomintang , supported by the United States to invade China from Burma.
• May 23 : Representatives of the Tibetan government signed a treaty in 17 points with China.
• September 8 : Signature of the Treaty of San Francisco (Peace Treaty of 48 Western countries with Japan , the USSR, China and India did not sign). The annexation of the Kuriles by the Soviet Union was confirmed. Security pact: Japan remains an element of the defense of North America. End of U.S. occupation. Entry into force on 28 April 1952.
• October 16 : The Prime Minister of Pakistan Liaquat Ali Khan was assassinated by a fanatic Afghanistan. Khawaja Nazimuddin succeeded him.
• October 21 , India : Swami Karpatri creates the right wing Jana Sangh , opposed the policy of Westernization (future Bharatiya Janata Party ). He takes over from the Hindu Mahasabha.
• October 30 : Return of the independence leader triumphant Son Ngoc Thanh in Cambodia
• November 14 : Taking Hoa Binh by French troops in Viet Nam (discharged 22 February 1952).
• November 16 , Nepal : the Rana are ousted and a constitutional monarchy was established.
• November 29 : Coup in Thailand. A group of army officers seized power without bloodshed and restore the Constitution of 1932 , some changes in him. Phibun Songkram became prime minister. Meanwhile, China itself into a free movement Thai (Free Thai Movement), supported by the Chinese communists and officially led by Pridi Phanomyong.
• December 23 : Land reform in Japan. Dismemberment of real estate, acquisition of land by farmers (in late 1953 ).

• Implementation of a ten-year plan on education in Indonesia . Schools and universities are managed. Their numbers have multiplied. Actions are taken to fight against adult illiteracy (Department of Education of the masses). Progress is made quickly.

Korea

-Offensive against the UN. Advance toward the ^38th parallel , April 8

• January 17 : The Communists seized Seoul.
• January 21 : Start-offensive against the United Nations against the Chinese in Korea ^(Eighth U.S. Army).
• Jan. 25 : Advanced Maximum of Chinese troops in South Korea.
• February 21 : Operation Killer (UN)
• March 7 : Operation Ripper.
• March 14 : Resumption of Seoul by UN troops.
• April 11 : dismissal of MacArthur , a supporter of the war against China, replaced by Ridgway in Korea.
• April 22 : The UN forces pass the ^38th parallel. The front line stabilizes.
• 23 May to 5 June 1951: Battle of Soyang also called Massacre of May.
• July 10 : Start of negotiations for an armistice at Kaesong.

Middle East

February 12 : Marriage of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi with Esfandiari Bakhtiari Sorayah

• March 15 : Nationalization of Oil Iran : crisis with the United Kingdom.
• April 27 : Resignation of Prime Minister of Iran Hossein Ala ' , who advocated a compromise with the British on the status of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. Mohammad Mossadegh , in favor of nationalization, succeeded him on April 29.
• April 30 : Iran's parliament unanimously approved the immediate nationalization of Iranian oil industry. In response, the AIOC (Anglo-Iranian Oil Company) received an embargo of oil companies on purchases of Iranian oil. To compensate for this reduction in supply, companies decide to increase production in the Gulf.
• June 18 : A mutual defense agreement was signed between the United States and Saudi Arabia , allowing the Americans to arm, equip and train the Saudi defense forces .
• July 16 , Lebanon : The Syrian Social Nationalist Party assassinated former Lebanese Prime Minister Riyad Solh es.
• July 20 : King Abdullah I of Jordan was assassinated in Al-Aqsa mosque by a supporter of muftis , banished from the city. His son Talal succeeded him (ending in 1952 ). The Emir Naif, his second son, became regent. The latest contacts with Israel with the Arabs are broken. The conciliation commission shall be abolished and replaced by a mission of good offices.
• August 21 : In a letter to the Iranian Prime Minister Mossadegh , the U.S. mediator W. Averell Harriman supports the British proposal to resolve the oil dispute: involvement of Iran in the conduct of UK companies and benefit sharing. It threatens Iran with a deletion of U.S. aid if the government fails in any agreement with Great Britain.
• October 8 : The Egyptian Prime Minister Nahhas Pasha decides to terminate the 1936 treaty between the United Kingdom and Egypt. Farouk is proclaimed king of Sudan.
• October 9 : Britain warns it will not accept Egypt's unilateral revocation of the Treaty and that it will maintain its troops in the area of the Suez Canal. A guerrilla war against the British presence is growing, mostly led by communists and Muslim Brothers. 80 000 British soldiers stationed in Egypt, so while the 1936 treaty provided for only 10,000.
• October 29 : In Syria , after a period of political instability, Adib Shishakli decides to take direct power, dissolved Parliament and form a military government. The plan, backed by the army, becomes authoritarian with the dissolution of parties and the establishment of a single party, the Arab Liberation Movement ( 25 August 1952 ).

Europe

• February 15 : Opening of the Paris conference on European Defence Community (EDC).
• April 18 : Treaty of Paris. Creation of the ECSC : European Coal and Steel established between Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, to seal the foundation for a common market in these two sectors. The Treaty will enter into force on 25 July 1952.
• April 5 , Italy: Following the resignation of some ministers Social Democrats , Alcide De Gasperi reshuffles his government.
• May 25 : Creating a basic aircraft for the NATO to Keflavik in Iceland.
• July 9 : The United States, France and the United Kingdom put an end to the state of war with Germany.
• July 11 : Abdication of King of the Belgians Leopold III in favor of his son Baudouin.
• July 17 : Baudouin becomes king of the Belgians , after the abdication of Leopold III.
• July 18 : Joaqun Ruiz-Gimnez Cortes was appointed Minister of Education Spain. He attempts a cultural and intellectual liberalization.
• July 21 : Francisco Craveiro Lopes was elected President of the Republic of Portugal (completed in 1959 ).
• July 26 , Italy: Resignation of Minister of Treasury and Budget. De Gasperi's seventh form Government with the participation of Republicans.
• July 28 : Signed in Geneva of the Convention on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons.
• August 2 , People's Republic of Poland : Arrest of Wadysaw Gomuka excluded from the Polish United Workers' Party in 1948.
• September , Italy: official travel by De Gasperi to the United States.
• October 16 : Birth of Serge Hubert Oath Emperor Grand Royal and St George Archers Brussels.
• October 25 : Victory for conservatives in the legislative UK. Start the Conservative ministry of Sir Winston Churchill , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (ending in 1955 ). In power until 1964 , they seek to directly regulate the consumption and full employment by eliminating any inflationary slippage would put money at risk. This policy causes the alternating phases of expansion ( 1 952 - in 1955 , in 1958 - in 1960 , 1 962 - one thousand nine hundred and sixty-four ) and contraction ( 1,955 - 1 958 and 1961 - 1962 ), called stop-go.

• The Nobel Peace prize is awarded to French Jouhaux.

• First Five Year Plan in Romanian People's Republic (1951 - 1,955 ), which lays the foundation for a systematic industrialization. 42% of investment goes to productive assets (heavy industry, machinery), 10% for agriculture. Plan electrification plans to connect all villages in a decade and a project to build a canal Danube - Black Sea is launched.

• 46,737,700 inhabitants in Italy.

France

Switzerland

Thematic Chronologies

Arts and Culture

• The theorist and art critic Michel Tapie de Celeyran publishes an art other manifest of the "informal art".
• June 28 : At Madrid ( Spain ), alternative of Antonio Ordez , bullfighter Spanish.

• November 24 : Research Ship Discovery and Jacques Cousteau , the " Calypso "from her first trip.

Births in 1951

• January 7 : Talgat Musabayev , Russian cosmonaut.
• January 9 : Michel Barnier , French politician.
• January 12 : Kirstie Alley , actress, producer and screenwriter American.
• January 13 : Bernard Loiseau , French chef ( 24 February 2003 ).
• January 14 :
  • Jean-Luc Brunin , French Catholic bishop, Bishop of Ajaccio.
  • Pascal Roland , French Catholic bishop, bishop of Moulins.
• January 17 : Damien Alary , French politician.
• January 21 : Eric Holder , U.S. politician.
• January 28 : a href = "Leonid_K._Kadenyuk" class = "mw-redirect" title = "Leonid K. Kadenyuk"> Leonid K. Kadenyuk, astronaut Ukrainian.
• January 30 : Phil Collins , singer UK.

• February ¹ : Albert Salvad writer Andorra Andorra la Vella.
• February 6 : Jacques Villeret , actor French ( 28 January 2005 ).
• February 9 :
  • Mitsuru Adachi , manga Japanese.
  • Dennis Thomas said Dee Tee, a member of the group Kool & The Gang.
• Feb. 20 : Gordon Brown , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
• February 21 : Roberto Dominguez , bullfighter Spanish.
• February 23 : Patricia Richardson , American actress.
• February 28 :
  • Raphalle Billetdoux , French writer.
  • Eric Burgener , Swiss footballer.

• March 4 : Chris Rea , singer English.
• March 5 : Ferhat Mehenni , Kabyle singer.
• March 6 :
  • Stanisaw Gsienica Daniel , ski jumper Polish.
  • Wolfgang Hanisch , German javelin thrower athlete.
  • Michel Herbillon , politician French.
  • Gerrie Knetemann , cyclist Dutch ( 2 November 2004 ).
  • Walter Trout Cooper , composer, guitarist and singer American.

• March 10 : Yves Bur , French politician.
• March 11 : Dominique Sanda , French actress.
• March 15 : Michel Bez , painter of the Navy.
• March 17 :
  • Sydne Rome , actress America.
  • Kurt Russell , actor, screenwriter and producer U.S..

• March 18 : Bill Frisell , American jazz guitarist.
• March 22 : Musa Manarov , cosmonaut of Azerbaijan.
• March 24 : Kenneth S. Reightler, Jr. , American astronaut.
• April 7 : Jean-Louis Borloo , French politician.
• April 13 : Alain Reuter , French politician.
• April 15 :
  • Marsha S. Ivins , American astronaut.
  • John L. Phillips , American astronaut.
• April 21 :
  • Jean-Pierre Dardenne , Belgian actor and director.
  • Tony Danza , American actor.
  • Aleksandr Laveykin , Soviet cosmonaut.
• April 27 :
  • Ace Frehley , guitarist of Kiss.
  • Viviane Reding , Luxembourg politician, European Commissioner.

• May ¹ : Curro Vzquez , bullfighter Spanish.
• May 3 : Jan Krzysztof Bielecki , politician Polish.
• May 11 : Corinne Lepage , French politician, former minister.
• May 15 : Aziz Daouda , national technical director of athletics at Morocco.
• May 16 : Christian Lacroix , French fashion designer.
• May 19 : Joey Ramone , lead singer of punk band the Ramones
• May 20 : Thomas Akers , American astronaut.
• May 21 : Robert Saucier , Canadian artist.
• May 23 : Anatoly Karpov , Russian chess player.
• May 24 :
  • Jean-Pierre Bacri , French actor and screenwriter.
  • Ronald A. Parise , U.S. astronaut.
• May 25 : Franois Bayrou , French politician.
• May 26 :
  • Muhammed Faris , first Syrian cosmonaut.
  • Sally Ride , astronaut, first American woman in space.
• May 31 :
  • Jean-Louis Brost , French footballer.
  • Brussolo Serge , a French writer of science fiction , from police and fantastic.

• June ¹ : Olivier Dassault , a French politician.
• June 8 : Bonnie Tyler , British singer.
• June 19 : Thierry Girard , a French photographer.
• June 27 :
  • Sidney M. Gutierrez , U.S. astronaut.
  • Mary McAleese , Irish politician, President of the Republic of Ireland.
• June 28 : Walter Alva , anthropologist and archaeologist Peru.
• June 30 : Stephen S. Oswald , U.S. astronaut.

• July 4 :
  • Philip Dieuleveult , television presenter and adventurer French (missing in August 1985 ).
  • John Alexander , Australian tennis player, born in Sydney.
  • Kathleen Hartington Kennedy , American politician, member of the Kennedy family.
• July 21 :
  • Arlette Chabot , a French journalist.
  • Robin Williams , American actor
• July 26 : William S. McArthur, Jr. , American astronaut.
• July 28 : Santiago Calatrava Valls , architect-engineer, Spanish.

• August 3 : Hans Schlegel , German astronaut.
• August 12 : Charles E. Brady, Jr. , American astronaut ( 2006 ).
• August 19 :
  • Jean-Luc Melenchon , French politician.
  • John Deacon , bassist of Queen
• Aug. 24 : Orson Scott Card , American writer.

• September 2 : Mark Harmon , American actor.
• September 4 :
  • Claude Meunier , Quebec humorist and author.
  • Bertie Ahern (real name Patrick Bartholemew Ahern), Irish: Pdraig Parthaln hEachthairn), Irish politician.
• September 5 : Michael Keaton , American actor.
• September 7 : Lawrence Ulrich , French Catholic bishop, archbishop of Lille.
• September 18 : Dee Dee Ramone , leader of punk band the Ramones
• September 19 : Marie-Anne Chazel , French actress.
• September 25 : Pedro Almodovar , Spanish filmmaker.
• September 28 : Silvia Dionisio , Italian actress.
• September 29 : Vernica Michelle Bachelet Jeria, Chilean politician, President of the Republic of Chile.

• October 2 : Sting , musician, singer and actor Columbia.
• October 3 : Kathy Sullivan , American astronaut.
• October 5 : Karen Allen , American actress.
• October 7 : Enki Bilal , designer of comics.
• October 11 : Jean-Jacques Goldman , author , composer and performer French.
• October 28 : Michael Cartatguy , French Catholic bishop, white father and Archbishop of Niamey (Niger).

• November ¹ : Fabrice Luchini , French actor.
• November 11 : Kim Peek , autistic savant.
• November 12 : Patrick Sabatier , French animator and producer
• November 18 : Mark N. Brown , American astronaut.
• November 21 : Vlasta Parkanova , Czech politician, Minister Czechia.
• November 26 : Anna Elena Staller said Cicciolina , Italian actress and politician of Hungarian origin.

• December ¹ : Aleksandr Aleksandrov , Bulgarian astronaut.
• December 4 : Julio Robles , bullfighter Spanish ( 14 January 2001 ).
• December 12 : Steven A. Hawley , American astronaut.
• December 18 : Andy Thomas , U.S. astronaut.
• December 19 :
  • Jacques Blaquart , French Catholic bishop, Auxiliary Bishop of Bordeaux.
  • Fred W. Leslie , U.S. astronaut.
• December 27 : Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Len , President of Mexico between 1994 and 2000.
• December 28 : Gilbert Montagne , French singer.

Not informed or unknown Dates:

• Moussa Konate , a writer from Mali.
• Monyane Moleleki , Lesotho politician.

Deaths in 1951

• January 7 : Rene Guenon , metaphysician (b. 15 November 1886 ).
• January 10 : Sinclair Lewis , American writer (b. 7 February 1885 ).
• January 12 : Henry Chavigny Lachevrotiere , journalist and politician Franco-Vietnamese (b. 11 September 1883 )
• January 14 : Maxence Van Der Meersch , French writer.
• January 30 : Ferdinand Porsche , German engineer, designer of the Porsche and Volkswagen (b. 3 September 1875 ).

• February 3 : Freels French singer (b. 13 July 1891 ).
• February 13 : Andersson Lars Gabriel , a zoologist Swedish (b. 22 February 1868 ).
• February 19 : Andre Gide , French writer (b. 22 November 1869 ).
• April 23 : Jules Berry , French actor and director.

• May ¹ : Takashi Nagai , a doctor and Japanese writer, who witnessed the atomic bomb of Nagasaki (b. 3 February 1908 ).
• May 4 : Hector Dufresne , Belgian opera singer.

• June 27 : Edmond-Marie Poullain , French painter.

• July 13 : Arnold Schoenberg , Austrian composer (b. 13 September 1874 ).
• July 20 :
  • Abdullah I of Jordan , King of Jordan ( one thousand nine hundred forty-nine -1 951), murdered by a Palestinian in Jerusalem.
  • William of Prussia , said Konprinz.
• July 21 : Adam Stefan Sapieha , Polish cardinal, archbishop of Krakow (b. 14 May 1867 ).
• July 23 : Philippe Petain , Marshal of France and statesman (b. 24 April 1856 ).

• August 16 : Louis Jouvet , French actor (b. 24 December 1887 ).

• September 1 : Louis Lavelle , philosopher French (b. 15 July 1883 ).

• October 2 : El Sargento (Guillermo Martnez Rodrguez), matador Peru (b. 11 July 1915 ).
• October 29 : Reginald , Belgian actor (b. 29 December 1881 ).

• December 5 : Abanndranth Tagore , Indian writer (b. 7 August 1871 ).

Not informed or unknown Dates:

• Silica Auguste , French painter and decorator (b. 11 February 1880 ).

References

• Portal of the contemporary world
• Portal 1950

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