This page is for year 1950 of the Gregorian calendar .

• The population of the Earth is approximately 2.515 billion people.

Africa

• January 8 : The Somalia is placed by the UN Transitional Administration in Italy (late in 1960 ).
• 16 - May 25 ^, : General Strike in Kenya ( Nairobi ).
• June 9 : Public Statement of Robert Schuman in Thionville acknowledging the independence of Tunisia as the ultimate goal.
• July 11 : Notice of the International Court of Justice regarding the international status of South West Africa. It accepts the refusal of South Africa to surrender to the UN mandate on South West Africa but says it can not unilaterally change the status of the territory .
• December 5 : Election of National Assembly in Libya to develop a constitution and establish a government for the independence (resolution 289 of the United Nations of 21 November 1949 ). The National Assembly gives the crown to King Idriss.
• December 30 : Constitution in Gold Coast introducing a corporate system.

• Riots in Ivory Coast to demand the release of leaders of East Germany. General strike in Guinea and Dahomey .
• The British South Africa Chartered Company sold its mining rights in Northern Rhodesia with a transitional period of 36 years.
• Freedom of press and association in the Belgian Congo.
• Creation of the Federation of Students of Black Africa in France ( FEANF ), adherent of the International Union of Students , close to the communist movement.
• Algerian consciousness, a journal founded by Andre Mandouze and Francois Chatelet , which belongs to the committee two Arabs, Abd El-Kader Mahdad and Abd El-Kader Mimouni and Blackfoot Israelite, Jean Cohen. In its appeal, the magazine is pronounced "against colonization and against racism, for Algeria free, democratic and social. " Such a program leads to the ban.

America

January 21 : Conviction of Alger Hiss

• January 21 : Conviction challenged the chairman of the Endowment Carnegie for International Peace, Alger Hiss , accused in 1948 of passing secret documents to the Soviets at the time of the New Deal.
• January 31 : U.S. President Harry Truman ordered the Atomic Energy Commission (Atomic Energy Commission) to build an H-bomb (hydrogen).
• February 9 , United States: First senator's accusations of Wisconsin, Joseph McCarthy , in a speech accusing the State Department of being infiltrated by 205 Communists. This is the beginning of the "witch hunt".
• April 14 : Truman approves the recommendations of " NSC-68 "of the National Security Council advocating a very marked growth in military spending.
• May 10 : Coup in Haiti : the dictatorship of Colonel Paul Magloire.
• May 21 : Coup d'etat in Nicaragua : Anastasio Somoza Garcia returned to power (in late 1956 ).
• May 12 : Arrest of leader of the Communist Party of the United States.
• July 28 : Gen. Manuel A. Odra fraudulently elected president in Peru.
• September 12 : The Congress votes on the McCarran Act , designed to outlaw the Communist Party of the United States of America .
• September 22 : Truman's Veto to McCarran Internal Security Act .
• October 3 , Brazil: Ex-President Getulio Vargas , supported by the Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro and the Partido Social Progressista, was reelected president of Brazil by an overwhelming majority, receiving a great patriotic, reaction of one part of the Soviet threat and partly to the U.S. economic interference (start of term on 31 January 1951 , ending in 1954 ). Joo Fernandes Campos Caf Filho , Vice-President.
• Dec. 6 : Paul Magloire was elected president in Haiti (ending in 1956 ).

• The Nobel Peace prize is awarded to the American Ralph Bunche.

Oceania and Pacific

• January 25 : The Australian Harold Holt , Minister (Conservative) immigration, said that his country would host this year 200,000 emigrants.
• April 26 : Parliament of Australia, Robert Menzies filed a bill seeking to abolish the Communist Party and the Prohibition to the communists to hold certain posts (this project will be voted in May).

Asia

• 23 - January 24 , Indonesia : Captain Raymond Westerling , a former officer in the Dutch army attempted a coup in Bandung. It fails and has to flee to Singapore and then to the Netherlands.
• January 26 :
  • Promulgation of the Constitution of the Indian Union, consisting of 395 articles. It is based on the principles of democracy, secularism and equality, the latter principle to abolish the caste system. India is a parliamentary democracy with a federal and republican, but centralization is reinforced. The government holds all the powers of defense, external relations, communications, currency and economic development. In an emergency, the central government can exercise direct rule of a State (President's rule). The executive power belongs to the president elected for five years by the regional parliaments and the central parliament. He appoints the Prime Minister, who is the head of the parliamentary majority, and on his advice, other members of the government. The central Parliament is composed of two chambers: the Chamber of the People (Lok Sabha) and House of States (Rajya Sabha). The 525 members of the former are elected by universal suffrage for five years. They can censor the government to drop by denying him their confidence. The 250 members of the latter are elected for six years by the provincial assemblies in proportion to the population of states. The Prime Minister is the liaison between the government and the President, between the government and Parliament, and is primarily the executive officer in various government departments and developing the country's politics.
  • States of Nizam of Hyderabad, Asaf Jah VII annexed to the Indian Union and divided.
• January 30 :
  • Rajendra Prasad became the first president of the Indian Union.
  • Burma : 200 men of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Chinese supported by the American CIA) settled in Burma in the hope of a reconquest of China. They will be joined in March 1500 by another of Chinese Kuomintang in order to recruit among the Chinese in Burma , the Shan and Kachin.
• February 14 : Soviet Treaty of Friendship-Chinese. Russia offers help to Mao Zedong.
• February : New strategy of the Communists in Burma. A People's Democratic Front came to Prome in order to gather the opponents.
• May 3 : Proclamation of gender equality in China.
• May 5 : Bhumibol Adulyadej is crowned King of Thailand under the name of Rama IX. Without real power, he is forced to accept a situation of political unrest and a succession of military coups. It remains a symbol of unity and national stability.
• May 25 : A southern Maluku Republic was proclaimed at Ambon. After negotiations failed, the government breaks the Republican uprising in November.
• May , Burma : The military government invests Prome and hunting white flag of Burma who takes refuge in the region of Pegu.
• June 3 : The French climbers Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal , supported by their team, the successful ascent of Annapurna , in Nepal. The news was announced in a newspaper of Le Figaro , June 26
• June : Start of agrarian reform in China. Forced collectivization of land causing famine making 2 to 5,000,000 deaths.
• August 15 :
  • Sukarno , facing secessionist attempts supported by the Dutch West Java and Aceh in Sulawesi and the Moluccas , restores a unitary state in Indonesia.
  • An earthquake of magnitude 8.7 is 1,530 victims in Assam in India .
• October 6 , Tibet : Battle for Markham Gartok. Following the occupation of Tibet by the Chinese Communists. After having invaded the Tibetan provinces of Kham and the Amdo in 1949 , the Chinese occupied the province of U-Tsang , who later became the Tibet Autonomous Region.
• October 7 , India : Mother Teresa founded the order of Missionaries of Charity.
• October 21 : A body of the Chinese army is supporting the first battalions in Tibet.
• October 25 : the call of the young Panchen Lama and his entourage, the People's Liberation Army invaded Tibet .

• Indonesia claimed the whole territory of the Malay language and comes into conflict with Malaysia (1950-1960).
• Creation of village councils in West New Guinea.

Korea

June 25 : Crossing the border at the ^38th parallel north

October 17 : a refugee fleeing South Korean Pohang

• June 25 :
  • Six divisions of North Korea come into South Korea by crossing the ^38th parallel. This is the beginning of the Korean War (war ended in 1953 ).
  • Fight off Pusan.
• June 26 :
  • The UN is responsible for maintaining peace and security.
  • Harry Truman neutralized Formosa interposing between it and the continent's Seventh Fleet.
• June 27 :
  • Resolution of the Security Council condemning North Korean aggression, taken in the absence of the Soviet Union.
  • Formation of an army formed by sixteen nations, including France.
  • The North Koreans seized Seoul.
  • The U.S. President, Truman, decides the intervention of U.S. troops.
• June 30 :
  • Harry Truman , with the approval of the Security Council, gave orders to MacArthur when the Japanese intervention in Korea ^(Eighth Army).
  • Until August 6 , the Army of the United Nations was forced to retire.
• July 2 : Battle off Chumunjim.
• September 15 :
  • Landing of UN troops (U.S. body) at Inchon (70 000 men).
  • Cons-offensive MacArthur, from Pusan , which allows the resumption of Seoul and South Korea regains.
  • The UN's permission to cross ^the 38th parallel.
• October 7 : The UN forces come into North Korea.
• October 16 : First contingent of Chinese "volunteers" in Korea.
• October 18 : The UN forces penetrate North Korea and take the capital Pyongyang.
• November 24 : Maximum Forward UN troops in North Korea.
• November 26 : China launches battle in Korea 54 divisions. The river Yalu , 33 Chinese divisions of General Lin Biao reject UN forces south ^of the 38th parallel. The Truman administration refused to attack China.
• December 4 : The Communists hold again Pyongyang.

Indochina

• January 18 : Recognition by the Chinese government the Vietnamese from Ho Chi Minh.
• January 30 : The Democratic Republic of Vietnam is recognized by the Soviet Union.
• February 7 : Recognition by the United States and the United Kingdom of Viet Nam Bo Djaya. After the communist victory in China, British and Americans are worried about the support given by the Chinese in Viet Minh and increase their military aid to France.
• June 25 : Conference Pau , reorganizing relations between France and the Associated States in Indochina.
• September 17 : Installation of a Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) in the United States to Saigon. It provides the French expeditionary force for hundreds of millions of dollars of military equipment withdrawn from the free surplus of the Pacific.
• 3 to 8 October , Indochina War : French defeat at the Battle of Caobang.
• October : Evacuation of Upper Tonkin by the French troops and retreat of Cao Bang and the Long Sound.
• December 6 : The General Lattre de Tassigny was appointed High Commissioner in Indochina.

Europe

Eastern Europe

March 18 : Call of Stockholm. The nations of Europe rejecting the gifts (food and North Atlantic Treaty ) of American benefactors. Bottom: The peoples of the world does not want the return of the calamities of war, citing Stalin . Soviet propaganda poster circa 1950.

• Feb. 14 : Signed in Moscow 's treaty of friendship of thirty years between China and the Soviet Union that provides for the granting of loans by the Soviets to China at the rate of 1%.
• February : The People's Republic of Albania joined the CMEA , and left in 1961.
• April 26 , People's Republic of Hungary : Arrest of leaders of the Hungarian Workers Party which Gyrgy Marosan and the Head of State rpd Szakasits.
• June 30 : The Hungarian Workers Party banned the teaching of theology in the universities.
• July 6 : Grlitz Agreements between the German Democratic Republic and the Republic of Poland.
• July 23 : In East Germany , Walter Ulbricht was elected general secretary of the SED.
• September : The German Democratic Republic (GDR) joined the CMEA.

• People's Republic of Bulgaria :
  • 1600 Turkish schools serving nearly 80,000 students.
  • The government allows over 150,000 Turks to emigrate to Turkey.
• Romanian People's Republic :
  • A new Labour Code prohibits strikes and provides for coercive measures in the performance of duties.
  • Elimination of 192 000 members of the Romanian Communist Party , deemed unsafe, or 20% of the workforce falling to 600 000 members (1950 - 1951 ).
• Decentralization of economic power centers in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia popular. Greater responsibility is given to trade unions, authorized to manage their production. This self-managing socialism does not work because of economic disparities between provinces.
• Record summer temperatures in Central Europe (1950, 1952).

Western Europe

• January 9 , Italy : During an event in Modena against the closure of a business, six workers were killed by the police.
• January 11 , Italy : Alcide De Gasperi resigned under pressure from the Christian Democratic left and restores a coalition government with the Social Democrats and the Republicans on Jan. 27.

• February : In the UK , Labour lost the absolute majority in elections, but can remain in power.

• March 3 : Signing of a series of agreements in favor of greater autonomy of the Saarland , occupied since 1947 by France.
• March 9 , United Kingdom: Running Timothy Evans , convicted of murdering his family. Three years later, he was rehabilitated after the confession of a neighbor. The case leads to a proposal to abolish the death penalty, postponed in 1954.
• March 11 : Consultation popular in Belgium (consultative referendum), indicating a slight majority (58%), acquired only in Flanders (70%), support the view of the resumption of its powers by the King of the Belgians Leopold III , whose role in World War II was contested.
• March 12 : In Belgium , popular consultation , the name given to the advisory referendum on the return of King Leopold III. The yes won with 57.68% (74.3% yes in Flanders while the majority rejects in Brussels (52%) and Wallonia (58%)).
• March 19 : Call of Stockholm 's Global Movement supporters of peace for the absolute prohibition of nuclear weapons.

• April 30 : Foundation of the Italian Confederation of Trade Unions (SCIL) under the auspices of the Christian Democrats.

• May 9
  • Schuman Declaration , Robert Schuman establishes a plan for Europe, offering the FRG the Coal Steel Community ( ECSC , European Coal and Steel Community ).
  • The aim of the Schuman Plan inspired by Jean Monnet is to build links between European economic and social so close to make war impossible: "Europe will be built through concrete achievements which first create a de facto solidarity" ( Speech by the Clock).
  • Creating Seat by the Instituto Nacional de Industria with the help of Fiat near Barcelona : Constitution of the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno for economic development in the South.
  • August 11 : Leopold III , King of the Belgians, transfers his powers to his son, Baudouin , who received the title of crown prince. At the time it takes the constitutional oath, a cry rises from the benches of the House "Vive la Republique! "Assigned to Julien Lahaut who assumed.
  • August 12 : Encyclical Humani Generis of Pope Pius XII. It slows biblical research, condemns modernism and silenced theologians innovative. Critique of Darwinism.
  • August 18 , Belgium : Killing Lahaut Julian at his home in Seraing.
  • September 19 :
    • Creating the European Payments Union, responsible for allocating appropriations Marshall , by the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (later OECD ).
    • Communiqu on Germany of foreign ministers of the United States, the United Kingdom and France. U.S. decision to rearm Germany following the Korean War ^, .
  • October 26 : Project Rene Pleven of European defense community planning to incorporate the German contingents.
  • October 29 : Beginning of the reign of Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (completed in 1973 ).
  • November ¹ : Apostolic Constitution Deus Munificentissimus , in which Pius XII proclaimed the dogma of the Assumption.
  • November 4 :
    • Signature of the European Convention on Human Rights.
    • Lifting of sanctions from the UN against the Spanish .
  • December : Eisenhower was appointed supreme commander of NATO in Europe.
  • Spain : Top of the rural exodus. 50% of employees work in the primary sector.
  • 70 000 tourists visiting Portugal.
  • UK : The Korean War caused the rise in commodity prices and inflation revival. Military spending increased by 4.7 billion pounds in 1950, and the government must undertake a process of budgetary savings. Consumption returns to its prewar level. Industrial production increased 5.5% per year since 1945 , while the goal of full employment is reached with an unemployment rate of 1.5 to 3.1%. The price increase was 23% since 1945. The state controls 80% of the economy. Social expenditure amounted to 1.5 billion pounds. 54% of wealth remains in the hands of 1.5% of the population, and 60% of Britons have assets of less than 100 pounds (75% in 1939). Redistribution mainly favors the middle class that holds 43% of wealth against 39% in 1939.
  • Italy : Proposed land reform of Antonio Segni planning to distribute hundreds of thousands of hectares of fallow land to small landowners. The reform is insufficient, the landowners who sold land generally less fertile and the selection of beneficiaries under the patronage for attaching to the Christian Democratic new voters. The excessive number of plots make them unsustainable, and the rural exodus of the 1950s would that half of the farmers who received lots will sell.

  France

  Main article: 1950 in France.

  Switzerland

  Main article: 1950 in Switzerland.

  Thematic Chronologies

  Main articles: 1950 in science , 1950 in railways , aviation, 1950 and 1950 in the sport.

  Arts and Culture

  Main articles: 1950 in film , music, 1950 , 1950, classical music , literature, 1950 , 1950, to theater , 1950 in Architecture , 1950 in cartoon , 1950 in television and 1950 (Chronology of Dada and Surrealism).
  • May 7 : Foundation in Japan of the Committee for the Protection of Cultural Property (bunkazai).
  • The Swiss architect Le Corbusier began building the chapel at Ronchamp (completed in 1955 ).

  Births in 1950

  • January 5 : Krystof Wielicki , mountaineer Polish.
  • January 12 : Pierre Buhler , Swiss theologian.
  • January 17 : Lounis At Menguellet singer Kabyle , a symbol of Berber identity claim.
  • January 18 : Gilles Villeneuve , racing driver F1 Canadian.
  • January 21 : Joseph R. Tanner , American astronaut.
  • January 23 : Richard Dean Anderson , American actor.
  • Jan. 24 : Daniel Auteuil , actor French.
  • January 25 : Jean-Marc Ayrault , politician French.
  • January 28 : David C. Hilmers , American astronaut.
  • February 13 : Peter Gabriel , musician British.
  • February 14 : Ken Levine , actor, screenwriter, producer and American director.
  • February 22 : Miou-Miou (Sylvette Hery), actor French.
  • February 24 : Mory Kante singer and musician Guinea.
  • Feb. 26 : Helen Clark , New Zealand politician and Prime Minister New Zealand.
  • March 3 : Mohamed Ali Yousfi , writer and translator Tunisia.
  • March 11 : Bobby McFerrin , singer and bandleader U.S..
  • March 18 : Brad Dourif is an American actor.
  • March 24 : Mansour M'henni , academic and journalist Tunisia.
  • March 27 : Esther Benbassa , academic and intellectual French.
  • April 5 : Franklin R. Chang-Diaz , U.S. astronaut.
  • April 8 : Jean-Pierre Pernaut , journalist French.
  • April 9 : Kenneth D. Cockrell , U.S. astronaut.
  • April 10 : Peter Heymann , French artist.
  • April 12 : Jean-Marie Abgrall , Psychiatrist, criminologist.
  • April 15 : Josiane Balasko , actor French.
  • April 16 : John Martin , Businessman French , CEO of Globe International.
  • April 22 : Peter Frampton , singer UK.
  • April 25 : Francis Jacolin , French Catholic bishop, Bishop of Mende.
  • April 29 : ZOUC , actress and comedian Swiss.
  • May 8 : Marc Veyrat , restaurateur Savoyard.
  • May 10 : Alain Castet , French Catholic bishop, Bishop of Luzon.
  • May 13 : Stevie Wonder , singer American.
  • May 25 : Alain-Julien Rudefoucauld Algeria writer.
  • May 29 : Gilles Bertran de Balanda , jumper jumping.
  • ¹ June : Gennadi Manakov , Russian cosmonaut.
  • June 3 : Frederick Francis , singer Belgian.
  • June 16 : Alain Gillot-Petre , presenter French of weather on television ( 31 December 1999 ).
  • July 3 : Elie Chouraqui , Director, French.
  • July 9 : Tioulong Saumura , politician Cambodian.
  • July 11 : Lawrence J. DeLuca , American astronaut.
  • July 13 : George D. Nelson , American astronaut.
  • July 15 : Denis Ct , Quebec accordionist.
  • July 18 : Richard Branson , entrepreneur British ( Virgin ).
  • July 26 : Nicholas Evans , a journalist and writer, UK.
  • July 31 : Richard Berry , actor French.
  • August : Mamady Keita , Guinean musician percussionist.
  • August 3 :
    • John Landis film director, actor, producer and screenwriter U.S..
    • Ernesto Samper Pizano , President of the Republic of Colombia from 1994 to 1998.
  • August 6 : Winston E. Scott , American astronaut.
  • August 8 : Martine Aubry , politician French , a former minister , mayor of Lille.
  • August 9 :
    • Anemone , actor French.
    • Nicole Turner , wife of letter French.
  • August 11 : Steve Wozniak , co-creator of Apple.
  • August 15 : HRH The Princess Anne , Princess Royal of the United Kingdom.
  • August 21 : Donna Summer , singer Swiss.
  • August 24 : Marc Aaronson , astronomer American.
  • August 25 : Eloy Cavazos , Matador Mexican.
  • September 14 :
    • Paul Kossoff , British musician, guitarist of the band Free.
    • Eugene H. Trinh , American astronaut.
  • September 16 : Loyola de Palacio , Spanish politician, former minister, former Vice-President of European Commission.
  • September 17 : Soledad Alvear , Chilean politician, former Minister and Minister of State of Chile.
  • Sept. 28 : Christmas Laflamme , Quebec author.
  • October 15 : Candida Royalle , American actress and director.
  • Oct. 17 : Philippe Barbarin , French cardinal, archbishop of Lyon.
  • October 20 : Srillon Claude , a French journalist.
  • October 21 : Ronald E. McNair , American astronaut ( 28 January 1986 ).
  • Nov. 16 : Carl J. Meade , American astronaut.
  • November 28 : Ed Harris , American actor.
  • December ¹ : Daniel Hetu , Canadian pianist ( 8 January 2008 ).
  • December 5 : Jean-Luc Petitrenaud , French journalist and food critic.
  • December 6 : Joe Hisaishi , Japanese composer.
  • December 11 : Olaf Van Cleef , Dutch painter.

  Deaths in 1950

  • January 2 : Emil Jannings , German actor (b. 23 July 1884 ).
  • January 8 : Joseph Schumpeter , economist and theorist Austro-American (b. 1883 ).
  • January 21 : George Orwell , British writer (b. 25 June 1903 ).
  • February 14 : Karl Jansky , a physicist and radio engineer American (b. 22 October 1905 ).
  • March ¹ : Alfred Korzybski , multidisciplinary scientific and expert on U.S. intelligence ( 1879 ).
  • March 6 : Albert Lebrun , former president of the French Republic (b. 29 August 1871 ).
  • March 19 : Edgar Rice Burroughs , British writer of science fiction ( 1875 ).
  • March 30 : Leon Blum , French politician (b. 9 April 1872 ).
  • April 11 : Vaslav Nijinsky , Russian dancer (b. 1890 ).
  • April 16 : Arnaud Massy , champion golf (b. 6 July 1877 ).
  • August 18 : Julian Lahaut , Belgian politician (b. 6 September 1884 ).
  • August 26 : Cesare Pavese , Italian writer (b. 9 September 1908 ).
  • October 18 : Giuseppe Borgatti , 79, tenor Italian (b. 17 March 1871 ).
  • October 23 : Al Jolson , jazz singer and actor of Lithuanian descent.
  • October 29 : Gustav V , King of Sweden.
  • November 2 : a href = "George_Bernard_Shaw" alt = "George Bernard Shaw"> George Bernard Shaw, Irish-born British writer (b. 26 July 1856 ).
  • November 11 : Pierre-Jules Boulanger , inventor of the Citroen 2CV ( 1885 ).
  • December 21 : Konrad von Preysing , German cardinal, bishop of Berlin (b. 30 August 1880 ).
  • December 26 : Liane Pougy , dancer and courtesan of the Belle Epoque (b. 2 July 1869 ).
  • December 31 : Charles Koechlin , French composer (b. 1867 ).

  References

  1. Ghana @ 50 - Official Website For The 50th Independence Anniversary Celebration Of Ghana
  2. Italian Somaliland
  3. Sciences The Vast Left Wing Conspiracy
  4. books.google.com
  5. Art. 92, Repertory Suppl. 2, Vol. III (1955-1959)
  6. books.google.com
  7. http://untreaty.un.org/cod/repertory/art16/french/rep_vol1-art16_f.pdf
  8. books.google.com
  9. books.google.com
  10. http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-04072006-093608/unrestricted/Patenaude_thesis.pdf
  11. Speech On The Veto Of The McCarran Internal Security Act by Harry S. Truman
  12. Election of the President Getulio Vargas of Brazil | World Perspective
  13. Menzies, Robert Gordon (Bob) - Biographical entry - Reason in Revolt
  14. Perils of a Restless Planet: Scientific Perspectives on Natural Disasters by Ernest Zebrowski Published by Cambridge University Press, 1999 ( ISBN 0521654882 and 9780521654883 )
  15. books.google.com
  16. Department of Defense history
  17. books.google.com
  18. (en) SEAT.es> 1979 to 1950
  19. LEGGE del 10 AGOSTO 1950 n. 646
  20. European Navigator "The History of a united Europe on the internet (videos, photos, maps, etc.).
  21. http://untreaty.un.org/unts/1_60000/4/14/00006662.pdf
  22. International Relations
  23. Mission to Preserve and Protect | The Japan Times Online
  • Portal of the contemporary world
  • Portal 1950

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